(39) GCSE Biology Revision "Measles and HIV"

Pathogen

A microorganism that causes infectious disease.

Measles

A highly infectious viral disease that starts with a fever followed by a red skin rash.

Symptoms of measles

Fever and red skin rash, often developed after three days.

Virus transmission

Viruses spread in droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes.

Complications of measles

Can include damage to the breathing system, brain, and may be fatal.

Vaccination

A preventive measure taken to protect against diseases like measles.

HIV

A viral disease that attacks the immune system and can lead to AIDS.

Symptoms of HIV

Often starts with a flu-like illness which disappears after one to two weeks.

Late-stage HIV or AIDS

A stage where the immune system is severely damaged, leading to other infections or cancer.

Antiretroviral drugs

Medications that stop HIV from multiplying and prevent immune system damage.

Transmission of HIV

Occurs through the exchange of fluids, such as unprotected sexual intercourse or sharing infected needles.

Flu-like illness

Common initial symptom of HIV that usually resolves after a short time.

Fatal complications

Severe outcomes in measles or AIDS that can ultimately lead to death.

Infectious disease

An illness caused by pathogens that can spread from one person to another.

Droplets

Tiny particles that carry viruses, which can be inhaled from an infected individual.

Normal life expectancy

The potential for patients on antiretroviral drugs to live a life similar to non-infected individuals.