US Hist e1 s2

The major factor in drawing country people off the farms and into the big cities was the

availability for jobs

What group of people came to the United States after the 1880s?

Eastern Europe

American cities increasingly abandoned wooden construction for brink and steel in their downtown district after

The Great Chicago Fire of 1871

All of these were factors that increasingly made cities more attractive than farms for young adults

the lower cost of living

What was a settlement house in the late 1880s?

It was a place where immigrants received education and childcare

The development of electric trolleys in the late nineteenth century transformed the American city by

creating distinct districts devoted to residential neighborhoods, commerce, and industry

John Dewey was important in educational reforms because

he pushed for an end to un-imaginative and repetitive lessons

Which demographic shift occurred in the United States in the nineteenth century as a result of industrialization

rural residents moved into urban areas

Political machines

were organizations that traded social services for votes

Which of the following was NOT a popular leisure activity of the Gilded Age?

watching movies

What was NOT a reason that brought immigrants into the United States?

retirement

What was the Social Gospel?

A religious movement to tackle social issues

She established Hult House, a successful early Chicago settlement house

Jane Addams

Between 1880 and 1900, most immigrants coming into the United States settled in cities because

factory and workshop jobs were available

This Supreme Court case established the “separate but equal” doctrine of segregation.

Plessy v. Ferguson

During the late 1880s and early 1900s, prejudice “New Immigrants” increased because these immigrants

came from cultural backgrounds different from those of the majority of Americans

Which group aided immigrants the most?

The Non- Government citizens

What challenges did cities face during the period of urbanization?

Fires, sanitation, and overpopulation

Tenements were

designed to house as many people as cheaply as possible

Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of the “NEW” immigrants?

came from northern and western Europe

In the late nineteenth century, the 'bosses’ of urban political machines often

accepted bribes in return for favors

How did the passage of Dawes Act affect Native American Indians?

It attempted to assimilate them into mainstream American culture

One major problem with the Homestead Act was that

160 acres were inadequate for productive farming on the rain-scarce Great Plains.

Industrialization occurred in the United States primarily because

businessmen and scientists worked together to make more efficient systems

The Ghost Dance

was a religious revitalization campaign among Indians feared by whites

Chief Joseph

wanted freedom for his people, the Nez Perce

Andrew Carnegie’s system of vertical integration

combined all facets of an industry from raw material to final product within a single company

“Competition is a law of nature and can no more be done away with than gravitation. If we do not like the survival of the fittest, we have only one possible alternative, survival of the unfittest. The former is the law of civilization, the latter is the law of anti-civilization.” The quote above is an example of which of the following schools of thought?

Social Darwinism

Why was the Hollywood version of the western ‘cowboy’ based more on fantasy than reality?

Most cowboys were low paid workers some of whom went on strike for higher wages.

Which of the following best accounts for the success of the American federation of labor in organizing labor in the late 1800s?

Its policy or organizing only skilled craftsmen

What occurred at Sand Creek?

Colorado volunteer regiment wiped out hostile Indians

Why did western territories take longer than eastern territories to achieve statehood?

Many easterners were many of granting statehood until white and non-Mormon settlers counterbalanced the large Latino and Mormon populations

Which of the following was NOT a contributing factor to the growth of the American economy during the Gilded Age?

Capital was in short supply

Between the arrival of the first Europeans and the end of the Civil War, the Indian an population of North America dropped from one million to about

350,000

Which of the following statements about nineteenth century Chinese immigrants to the United States is accurate?

By 1800, three-fourths of Chinese immigrants lived in California where many worked on farms

This image most clearly illustrates what new marketing development during the Gilded Age.

Mail order catalogs

Decisions of the Supreme Court in the late nineteenth centuries generally did which of the following

strengthened the position of bug business

A major incentive that drove captains of industry to invent machines was

That machines would enable them to replace expensive skilled workers with cheap unskilled workers

The greatest benefit and greatest disadvantage of industrialization on workers was

cheaper products/ poor working conditions

What was Social Darwinism?

Survival of the fittest in relation to economic well being

Which statement accurately describes the development of the great plains in the nineteenth century.

Technological innovations made farming there possible

During the late nineteenth century, where were the reservations located that North American tribes were sent to?

In sparsely populated areas of the west

Which event forced the Lakota Indians to give up their land in the Black Hills during the 1870s?

The discovery of gold

The bitter conflict between whites and Indians intensified

as the mining frontier expanded

Which of the following does NOT describe the impact of corporations on the American west ?

Urban populations in California declined as people moved to the centers of agricultural production

To assimilate Indians into American society, the Dawes Act did all of the following EXCEPT

dissolve many tribes as legal entities

Which of the following was included in theatrical and dime novel depictions of the American West?

Amazing feats of skilled horseback riding, roping, and shooting

Nineteenth century Americans imagined the ‘Wild West’ as all of the following EXCEPT

isolated farms, where men and women carved

What incited the Indian wars if the 1860s?

Sand Creek Massacre

Chinese immigrants to the west

worked in shoe and cigar factories in the western cities

The impact of the second industrial revolution on the trans-Mississippi west was

dramatic as an agricultural empire grew

One of the greatest changes that industrialization brought about in the lives of workers was

the need for them to adjust their lives to the time clock

The use of the steel hulls and steam power in ocean ships had which of the following consequences on world trade

increase in costs led to an increase in price

Which two companies completed the first Transcontinental Railroad line?

Union Pacific and Central Pacific

All of the following were important factors in post-Civil War industrial expansion EXCEPT

immigration restrictions

The first major product of the oil industry was

kerosene

Which individual is credited with developing a new process to make steel more affordable?

Henry Bessemer

Which of the following is true of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?

It had little immediate impact on the regulation of large companies

“Competition is a law of nature…and can no more be done away with gravitation…The former is the law of civilization, the latter is the law of anti-civilization.” The quote is an example if

Social Darwinism

William Cody (Buffalo Bill)

created a “Wild West’ show that toured the United States and Europe

The Plains Indians were finally forced to surrender and end their resistance to losing their lands

by the coming of the railroads, and the virtual extermination of the buffalo

What economic industry did not motivate Americans to go West?

manufacturing

The Indian victory at the Little Bighorn

only temporarily delayed the advance of white settlement

To assimilate Indians into American society, the Dawes Act did all of the following EXCEPT

expand recognized tribes’ collective land ownership holdings

Which of the following best accounts for the success of the American Federation of Labor in organizing labor in the 1800’s?

its policy of organizing only skilled craftsmen

Laissez Fare was

government did not involve itself in economy

The Plains Indians

included the Cheyenne, Comanche, Crow, Kiowa, and Sioux

Which factors helped farmers on the Great Plains overcome opposition from cattle ranchers?

Barbed wire allowed farmers to enclose their lands

in the warfare that raged between the Indians and the American military after the Civil War

there was often great cruelty and massacres on both sides

All of the following were impacts of the industrialization on Americans EXCEPT

decline in labor discount

United States government offered land and cash grants to which industry?

Railroads

Which of the following statements about nineteenth century Chinese immigrants to the United States is TRUE?

Unlike Europeans, Chinese immigrants were too poor to send letters or money home to relatives

By the 1890s , the majority of Americans

worked for wages