Studied by 4 people
The major factor in drawing country people off the farms and into the big cities was the
availability for jobs
What group of people came to the United States after the 1880s?
Eastern Europe
American cities increasingly abandoned wooden construction for brink and steel in their downtown district after
The Great Chicago Fire of 1871
All of these were factors that increasingly made cities more attractive than farms for young adults
the lower cost of living
What was a settlement house in the late 1880s?
It was a place where immigrants received education and childcare
The development of electric trolleys in the late nineteenth century transformed the American city by
creating distinct districts devoted to residential neighborhoods, commerce, and industry
John Dewey was important in educational reforms because
he pushed for an end to un-imaginative and repetitive lessons
Which demographic shift occurred in the United States in the nineteenth century as a result of industrialization
rural residents moved into urban areas
Political machines
were organizations that traded social services for votes
Which of the following was NOT a popular leisure activity of the Gilded Age?
watching movies
What was NOT a reason that brought immigrants into the United States?
retirement
What was the Social Gospel?
A religious movement to tackle social issues
She established Hult House, a successful early Chicago settlement house
Jane Addams
Between 1880 and 1900, most immigrants coming into the United States settled in cities because
factory and workshop jobs were available
This Supreme Court case established the “separate but equal” doctrine of segregation.
Plessy v. Ferguson
During the late 1880s and early 1900s, prejudice “New Immigrants” increased because these immigrants
came from cultural backgrounds different from those of the majority of Americans
Which group aided immigrants the most?
The Non- Government citizens
What challenges did cities face during the period of urbanization?
Fires, sanitation, and overpopulation
Tenements were
designed to house as many people as cheaply as possible
Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of the “NEW” immigrants?
came from northern and western Europe
In the late nineteenth century, the 'bosses’ of urban political machines often
accepted bribes in return for favors
How did the passage of Dawes Act affect Native American Indians?
It attempted to assimilate them into mainstream American culture
One major problem with the Homestead Act was that
160 acres were inadequate for productive farming on the rain-scarce Great Plains.
Industrialization occurred in the United States primarily because
businessmen and scientists worked together to make more efficient systems
The Ghost Dance
was a religious revitalization campaign among Indians feared by whites
Chief Joseph
wanted freedom for his people, the Nez Perce
Andrew Carnegie’s system of vertical integration
combined all facets of an industry from raw material to final product within a single company
“Competition is a law of nature and can no more be done away with than gravitation. If we do not like the survival of the fittest, we have only one possible alternative, survival of the unfittest. The former is the law of civilization, the latter is the law of anti-civilization.” The quote above is an example of which of the following schools of thought?
Social Darwinism
Why was the Hollywood version of the western ‘cowboy’ based more on fantasy than reality?
Most cowboys were low paid workers some of whom went on strike for higher wages.
Which of the following best accounts for the success of the American federation of labor in organizing labor in the late 1800s?
Its policy or organizing only skilled craftsmen
What occurred at Sand Creek?
Colorado volunteer regiment wiped out hostile Indians
Why did western territories take longer than eastern territories to achieve statehood?
Many easterners were many of granting statehood until white and non-Mormon settlers counterbalanced the large Latino and Mormon populations
Which of the following was NOT a contributing factor to the growth of the American economy during the Gilded Age?
Capital was in short supply
Between the arrival of the first Europeans and the end of the Civil War, the Indian an population of North America dropped from one million to about
350,000
Which of the following statements about nineteenth century Chinese immigrants to the United States is accurate?
By 1800, three-fourths of Chinese immigrants lived in California where many worked on farms
This image most clearly illustrates what new marketing development during the Gilded Age.
Mail order catalogs
Decisions of the Supreme Court in the late nineteenth centuries generally did which of the following
strengthened the position of bug business
A major incentive that drove captains of industry to invent machines was
That machines would enable them to replace expensive skilled workers with cheap unskilled workers
The greatest benefit and greatest disadvantage of industrialization on workers was
cheaper products/ poor working conditions
What was Social Darwinism?
Survival of the fittest in relation to economic well being
Which statement accurately describes the development of the great plains in the nineteenth century.
Technological innovations made farming there possible
During the late nineteenth century, where were the reservations located that North American tribes were sent to?
In sparsely populated areas of the west
Which event forced the Lakota Indians to give up their land in the Black Hills during the 1870s?
The discovery of gold
The bitter conflict between whites and Indians intensified
as the mining frontier expanded
Which of the following does NOT describe the impact of corporations on the American west ?
Urban populations in California declined as people moved to the centers of agricultural production
To assimilate Indians into American society, the Dawes Act did all of the following EXCEPT
dissolve many tribes as legal entities
Which of the following was included in theatrical and dime novel depictions of the American West?
Amazing feats of skilled horseback riding, roping, and shooting
Nineteenth century Americans imagined the ‘Wild West’ as all of the following EXCEPT
isolated farms, where men and women carved
What incited the Indian wars if the 1860s?
Sand Creek Massacre
Chinese immigrants to the west
worked in shoe and cigar factories in the western cities
The impact of the second industrial revolution on the trans-Mississippi west was
dramatic as an agricultural empire grew
One of the greatest changes that industrialization brought about in the lives of workers was
the need for them to adjust their lives to the time clock
The use of the steel hulls and steam power in ocean ships had which of the following consequences on world trade
increase in costs led to an increase in price
Which two companies completed the first Transcontinental Railroad line?
Union Pacific and Central Pacific
All of the following were important factors in post-Civil War industrial expansion EXCEPT
immigration restrictions
The first major product of the oil industry was
kerosene
Which individual is credited with developing a new process to make steel more affordable?
Henry Bessemer
Which of the following is true of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?
It had little immediate impact on the regulation of large companies
“Competition is a law of nature…and can no more be done away with gravitation…The former is the law of civilization, the latter is the law of anti-civilization.” The quote is an example if
Social Darwinism
William Cody (Buffalo Bill)
created a “Wild West’ show that toured the United States and Europe
The Plains Indians were finally forced to surrender and end their resistance to losing their lands
by the coming of the railroads, and the virtual extermination of the buffalo
What economic industry did not motivate Americans to go West?
manufacturing
The Indian victory at the Little Bighorn
only temporarily delayed the advance of white settlement
To assimilate Indians into American society, the Dawes Act did all of the following EXCEPT
expand recognized tribes’ collective land ownership holdings
Which of the following best accounts for the success of the American Federation of Labor in organizing labor in the 1800’s?
its policy of organizing only skilled craftsmen
Laissez Fare was
government did not involve itself in economy
The Plains Indians
included the Cheyenne, Comanche, Crow, Kiowa, and Sioux
Which factors helped farmers on the Great Plains overcome opposition from cattle ranchers?
Barbed wire allowed farmers to enclose their lands
in the warfare that raged between the Indians and the American military after the Civil War
there was often great cruelty and massacres on both sides
All of the following were impacts of the industrialization on Americans EXCEPT
decline in labor discount
United States government offered land and cash grants to which industry?
Railroads
Which of the following statements about nineteenth century Chinese immigrants to the United States is TRUE?
Unlike Europeans, Chinese immigrants were too poor to send letters or money home to relatives
By the 1890s , the majority of Americans
worked for wages
Note
Flashcard