unit 7 pt 1

Hawaii

Converted to Christianity; American planters began buying land in the 1820s.

Pearl Harbor Naval Base

Established in 1887 as a strategic military location.

"How the Other Half Lives"

A book by Jacob Riis highlighting the horrors of slums, published in 1890.

Global Power

America became recognized as a global power in the 1890s.

Forest Reserve Act

Passed in 1891, it protected 150 million acres of federal land.

Sierra Club

Founded by John Muir in 1892 to advocate for environmental preservation.

Queen Liliuokalani

The last reigning monarch of Hawaii, overthrown by plantation owners in 1893.

Anti-Saloon League

Founded in 1895, it advocated for the legal prohibition of alcohol.

Booker T. Washington

Gave the Atlanta Exposition Speech in 1895, promoting vocational skills for blacks.

Hawaii Annexation

Annexed by President William McKinley in 1898.

De Lome Letter

A letter disrespecting President McKinley that contributed to the start of the Spanish-American War.

Maine Explosion

Event that led to the start of the Spanish-American War in 1898.

Teller Amendment

Stated that the US had no intention of taking over Cuba after the Spanish-American War.

Treaty of Paris 1898

Ended the Spanish-American War, granting the US Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines.

Guerrilla War

Conflict between the Philippines and the US that began in 1899.

Open Door Policy

A principle proposed in 1899 stating that all nations should have equal trading privileges in China.

Boxer Rebellion

An uprising in China attempting to remove foreign influence, occurring in 1899.

Foraker Act

Passed in 1900, it granted Puerto Rico a limited degree of popular government.

Platt Amendment

Enacted in 1901, allowing US intervention in Cuba and maintaining a naval base at Guantanamo Bay.

Newlands Reclamation Act

Law of 1902 allowing money from public land sales to fund irrigation projects.

Coal Miners Strike

In 1902, TR threatened to use federal troops to take over mines during the strike.

Ida Tarbell

Author of "History of the Standard Oil Company," published in 1902.

Elkins Act

Passed in 1903, increased penalties for railroad rate rebates.

Northern Securities Company

Railroad monopoly broken up by TR, a decision upheld by the Supreme Court in 1904.

"Shame of the Cities"

A work exposing political corruption and political machines.

Niagara Movement

A movement advocating for black rights, established in 1905.

Nobel Peace Prize

Awarded to TR in 1905 for negotiating peace in the Russo-Japanese War.

"The Jungle"

Book by Upton Sinclair advocating for socialism and workers' rights by exposing meat industry conditions.

Meat Inspection Act

Enacted in 1906 to regulate the meat industry.

Pure Food and Drug Act

Created the FDA in 1906 to regulate food labeling.

Hepburn Act

1906 act that gave the Interstate Commerce Commission power to set maximum railroad rates.

Great White Fleet

A fleet of US battleships sent on a world tour by TR in 1907-1908.

Muller v. Oregon

A Supreme Court case from 1908 that upheld laws protecting women workers.

Gentlemen's Agreement

An agreement in 1908 to limit Japanese immigration to the US.

Payne-Aldrich Tariff

Tariff raised rates in 1909, angering progressives.

NAACP

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, established in 1909.

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

A catastrophic fire occurring in 1911 that resulted in labor reforms.

17th Amendment

Established direct election of US Senators in 1912.

Bull Moose Party

Progressive political party formed by TR in 1912.

Underwood Tariff

Lowered tariff rates in 1913.

Federal Reserve Act

Regulated money supply after economic panics in 1913.

16th Amendment

Established graduated income tax in 1913.

Panama Canal

Completed in 1914, providing a crucial shipping route.

Federal Trade Commission

Established in 1914 to investigate monopolies and exempt labor unions from prosecution.

Clayton Antitrust Act

Strengthened Sherman Antitrust Act in 1914.

Lusitania

British passenger ship sunk by U-boats in 1915, killing 128 Americans.

Federal Farm Loan Act

Provided low-rate loans to farmers in 1916.

Pancho Villa Arrest

Wilson sent General John J. Pershing to capture Pancho Villa in 1916.

National Women's Party

Founded by Alice Paul in 1916, breaking from NAWSA.

Zimmerman Note

A communication from Germany to Mexico in 1917 proposing an alliance against the US.

Selective Service Act

Established a federal draft of soldiers in 1917.

18th Amendment

Established prohibition or temperance in 1919.

19th Amendment

Granted women the right to vote in 1920.