(10/13-10/17) Chapter 10: Cardiovascular Diseases/Diabetes

Cardiovascular Disease

Disorder of the heart/blood vessel system

Atherosclerosis (Hint: 2)

Cholesterol and fats deposit on walls of coronary arteries

Decreases circulation

Arteriosclerosis (Hint: 4)

Arteries harden

Become less flexible

Cannot contract as typically do

Decreases circulation

List some potential outcomes of Cardiovascular disease (Hint: 3)

Angina

Heart Attack (MI)

Stroke

Angina

Intense pain around heart due to restriction of blood flow

Heart Attack (MI) (Hint: 2)

Disruption fo blood suply

Leads to death of heart tissue

Stroke (Hint: 2)

Disruption of oxygen to brain

2 types (Ischemic and Hemorrhagic)

Ischemic stroke (Hint: 2)

85%

Blockage to brain

Hemorrhagic Stroke (Hint: 3)

15%

Bleed

Higher mortality rate

List some uncontrollable factors for CVD

Genetics

Oxygen in utero

Age

Gender

List some controllable factors for CVD

Diet

Lifestyle/Activity/Exercise

Controlling preexisting conditions (blood pressure)

Smoking 

Those who smoke are ???? more likely to have a stroke than the general population

6 times

Blood Pressure

Systolic/diastolic

Systolic

Pressure in heart when heart is beating

Diastolic

Pressure in between beats

Hypotension

90/60

“Normal” BP

<120/<80

Elevated BP

120-129/<80

Stage 1 Hypertension

130-139/80-89

Stage 2 Hypertension

140+/90+

Hypertensive Crisis

180+/120+ Over an extended period of time

Type A Personality (Hint: 4)

Aggression/rushed approach to getting things done

Competitive

Increased CVD

Increased hypertension

Type B Personality (Hint: 3)

Relaxed/chill in getting things done

Decreased CVD

Decreased hypertension

Describe John Henryism (Hint: 5)

John Henry was a freed slave who challenged a machine

Died of heart attack

Shows a hazardous/active style

High expenditure of effort (“Prove your worth”)

May be a reason for why minorities may have increased CVD

Type I Diabetes (Hint: 6)

Autoimmune condition

Body is attacking the pancreas

Cannot make insulin

Sugar piles up in cells

Treatment is insulin pump/shots

Usually early start

Type II Diabetes (Hint: 7)

Pancreas still makes insulin but it is not being utilized effectively

Pancreas eventually becomes a poor producer of insulin

Influenced by diet/weight/activity

Treatments are diet changes, medication, insulin, and exercise

Need to check glucose readings 

A1C (% of sugar in blood over 90 days) checks (normal is 5%)

Diabetes is the ??? leading cause of death in the US

7th

What are some symptoms of Type I Diabetes

Excessive thirst

Excessive urination

Fatigue

Mood disturbances/Irritability

Symptoms due to inability to metabolize glucose for energy

List some symptoms of Type II diabetes

Excessive urination

Fatigue

Irregular menstruation

Slow healing

Dry mouth

Pain/cramps in feet/fingers/legs

Symptoms due to issues using insulin (insulin resistance)

What are some other considerations when looking at Diabetes

Type II often milder than Type I

Type II age of onset post 30 years old

Type II often women more than men

Type II treatment related to diet/activity