D2.3 Water potential | Quizlet

Osmotic pressure

Pressure of a solution against a semipermeable membrane to PREVENT WATER from flowing INWARD across the membrane.

Tonicity.

MEASURE of OSMOTIC PRESSURE of two solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane.

Isotonic solution

Any external solution that has the same solute concentration and water concentration compared to body fluid.

Hypertonic solution

Solution concentration is GREATER OUTSIDE the cell than inside the cell.

Cell shrinks

End result of hypertonic solution surrounding cell

Hypotonic solution

The concentration of solute is GREATER INSIDE the cell than outside the cell.

Hypotonic solution

WATER WILL FLOW INTO THE CELL in order to attain concentration equilibrium.

Into cell

Net water movement of water for cells in a hypotonic solution

Cell swells

Net water movement of water for cells in a hypotonic solution

Cell stays the same size

Net water movement for cells in an isotonic

EQUAL osmotic pressure

Isotonic

HIGHER osmotic pressure

Hypertonic

LOWER osmotic pressure

Hypotonic

Isotonic

Pharmaceutical solutions are _____________ to fluids in the body.

Swelling or dehydration

An isotonic solution is NOT accompanied by ________________ in the tissues it contacts.

Solvation

The process of surrounding solute particles with solvent particles to form a solution

hydration shell

the sphere of water molecules around each dissolved ion

Osmoregulation

regulation of solute concentrations and water balance by a cell or organism

contractile vacuole

The cell structure that collects extra water from the cytoplasm and then expels it from the cell

Plasmolysis (plant cells)

Water leaves the cell and the membrane has shrunk away from the cell wall.

Cytolysis

The rupturing of a cell due to excess internal pressure.

turgid

swollen

flaccid

plant cell with low turgor pressure

water potential

the potential energy of a volume of water, expressed as a pressure

= water potential

solute potential + pressure potential

Osmosis

diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane, down a water potential gradient.