Developmental Psychology Overview

These flashcards encompass key concepts and definitions from developmental psychology, focusing on physical, cognitive, and social development throughout the lifespan.

What are the three main domains of developmental psychology?

Physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the lifespan.

Define 'developmental milestones'.

Age-related averages as general guidelines to compare children with same-age peers.

What does the normative approach in developmental psychology involve?

Studying large numbers of children at various ages to determine norms for developmental milestones.

Differentiate between continuous and discontinuous development.

Continuous development is a gradual improvement of existing skills, while discontinuous development occurs in unique stages with sudden changes.

What is meant by 'trust vs mistrust' in psychosocial development?

Basic needs such as nourishment and affection will be met during the first year of life.

What is 'object permanence'?

The understanding that even if something is out of sight, it still exists.

What are the four stages of cognitive development proposed by Piaget?

Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages.

Describe the 'secures attachment' style according to Ainsworth's Strange Situation.

The toddler prefers their parent over a stranger.

What is the significance of teratogens during prenatal development?

They are environmental agents that can cause damage to the developing embryo or fetus.

Explain the concept of 'emerging adulthood'.

A newly defined period from 18 years old to the mid-20s characterized by identity exploration in work and love.

What parenting style is characterized by reasonable demands and warmth?

Authoritative style.

What is the developmental period of adolescence?

The period that begins at puberty and ends at emerging adulthood.

Define 'primary sexual characteristics'.

Organs specifically needed for reproduction, such as the uterus and ovaries in females.

What is menarche?

The beginning of menstrual periods, usually around 12-13 years old.

What is the 'mirror test' and what does it measure?

A test to assess self-awareness where children recognize a mark on their own nose in a mirror.