IELTS READING 27/9 (1)

cast iron

Definition: A hard, brittle alloy of iron that contains a high proportion of carbon.
Pronunciation: /ˌkɑːst ˈaɪən/
Part of speech: noun
Example: The pan is made of cast iron.
Synonyms: iron alloy, metal, steel

Translation (Việt): Gang.

rebar

Definition: Steel reinforcing bar used to strengthen concrete.
Pronunciation: /ˈriː.bɑːr/
Part of speech: noun
Example: Workers placed rebar before pouring concrete.
Synonyms: reinforcing steel, steel bar, reinforcement
Collocations: rebar structure, rebar mesh, rebar installation
Translation (Việt): Bê tông cốt thép.

landscape

Definition: All the visible features of an area of land.
Pronunciation: /ˈlænd.skeɪp/
Part of speech: noun/verb
Example: The mountain landscape was breathtaking.
Synonyms: scenery, view, terrain
Collocations: natural landscape, beautiful landscape, landscape painting
Translation (Việt): Phong cảnh; cảnh quan.

concrete

Definition: A building material made from cement, water, sand, and gravel.
Pronunciation: /ˈkɒŋ.kriːt/
Part of speech: noun/adjective/verb
Example: The building is made of concrete.
Synonyms: cement mixture, construction material
Collocations: pour concrete, concrete block, reinforced concrete
Translation (Việt): Bê tông.

crunching

Definition: A sound of something being crushed or chewed noisily.
Pronunciation: /ˈkrʌn.tʃɪŋ/
Part of speech: noun/adjective
Example: The crunching of leaves underfoot was loud.
Synonyms: crushing, crackling, grinding
Collocations: crunching noise, crunching sound, crunching numbers
Translation (Việt): Tiếng nghiến, tiếng lạo xạo.

algae

Definition: Simple plants that grow in water or damp places, often microscopic.
Pronunciation: /ˈæl.dʒiː/
Part of speech: noun (plural)
Example: The pond water was green with algae.
Synonyms: seaweed, phytoplankton, plant

Translation (Việt): Tảo.

juvenile

Definition: Relating to young people or animals; immature.
Pronunciation: /ˈdʒuː.vən.aɪl/
Part of speech: adjective/noun
Example: The law treats juvenile offenders differently from adults.
Synonyms: young, adolescent, immature
Collocations: juvenile crime, juvenile court, juvenile bird
Translation (Việt): Vị thành niên; trẻ, non nớt.

drably

Definition: In a dull, uninteresting, or colorless way.
Pronunciation: /ˈdræb.li/
Part of speech: adverb
Example: The room was drably decorated.
Synonyms: plainly, dully, monotonously
Collocations: drably dressed, drably painted, drably furnished
Translation (Việt): Một cách tẻ nhạt, buồn tẻ.

morph

Definition: To gradually change or transform into something different.
Pronunciation: /mɔːf/
Part of speech: verb
Example: The caterpillar morphs into a butterfly.
Synonyms: transform, change, evolve
Collocations: morph into, morph gradually, morph shape
Translation (Việt): Biến đổi, biến hình.

harem

Definition: A group of female animals associated with one male; also women’s quarters in some cultures.
Pronunciation: /ˈhɑː.rəm/
Part of speech: noun
Example: The lion guarded his harem of lionesses.
Synonyms: group of females, polygamous group
Collocations: animal harem, royal harem, harem of wives
Translation (Việt): Hậu cung; bầy cái (động vật).

overrun

Definition: To spread over or occupy something in large numbers.
Pronunciation: /ˌəʊ.vəˈrʌn/
Part of speech: verb/noun
Example: The town was overrun by tourists.
Synonyms: invade, swarm, flood
Collocations: overrun by, completely overrun, insect overrun
Translation (Việt): Tràn ngập, chiếm đóng.

midrise

Definition: A building of medium height, usually between low-rise and high-rise.

Pronunciation: /ˈmɪd.raɪz/

Part of speech: noun/adjective

Example: The city has many midrise apartment blocks.

Synonyms: medium-rise, mid-level building

Collocations: midrise apartments, midrise tower, midrise structure

Translation (Việt): Nhà tầm trung tầng.

commercial

Definition: Related to trade, business, or commerce.
Pronunciation: /kəˈmɜː.ʃəl/
Part of speech: adjective/noun
Example: The building is used for commercial purposes.
Synonyms: business, trade, profit

termite

Definition: A small insect that eats wood and damages structures.
Pronunciation: /ˈtɜː.maɪt/
Part of speech: noun
Example: The house was destroyed by termites.
Synonyms: white ant, wood

pest

Definition: An insect or small animal that damages crops or annoys people.
Pronunciation: /pest/
Part of speech: noun
Example: Pests destroyed the farmer’s crops.
Synonyms: vermin, nuisance, insect
Collocations: pest control, pest infestation, garden pest
Translation (Việt): Sâu bọ, vật gây hại.

convection

Definition: The transfer of heat by the movement of liquids or gases.
Pronunciation: /kənˈvek.ʃən/
Part of speech: noun
Example: Convection currents circulate warm air in the room.
Synonyms: heat transfer, circulation
Collocations: convection oven, convection current, convection process
Translation (Việt): Sự đối lưu.

duct

Definition: A tube or passage for air, liquid, or cables.
Pronunciation: /dʌkt/
Part of speech: noun
Example: The air conditioning system uses ducts to circulate air.
Synonyms: channel, pipe, tube
Collocations: air duct, ventilation duct, duct system
Translation (Việt): Ống dẫn.

dissipation

Definition: The process of gradually disappearing or being wasted.
Pronunciation: /ˌdɪs.ɪˈpeɪ.ʃən/
Part of speech: noun
Example: The dissipation of energy as heat reduces efficiency.
Synonyms: waste, loss, dispersion
Collocations: energy dissipation, heat dissipation, dissipation of resources
Translation (Việt): Sự tiêu tan, lãng phí, sự thoát hơi

prairie

Definition: A large open area of grassland, especially in North America.
Pronunciation: /ˈpreə.ri/
Part of speech: noun
Example: Bison once roamed the vast prairies.
Synonyms: grassland, plain, savanna
Collocations: prairie grass, prairie region, prairie dog
Translation (Việt): Đồng cỏ (Bắc Mỹ).