Ionic/Covalent Bonding Module 7

metallic bonding

a phenomenon described as cations held together by mobile electrons

covalent bonds

bonds formed by sharing electrons between two similar atoms

lattice energy

the measure of a compound’s electrostatic attraction; the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into gaseous ions

ionic bonds

bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, typically produced between metallic and nonmetallic atoms

electrostatic force

when two atoms approach each other and the electrons of each are attracted to the protons of each other

bond length

the distance between two nuclei at the point of minimum energy

electronegativity

the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons

polarity

separation of charges

polar covalent bond

a covalent bond in which the two atoms have different electronegativities causing a separation of charges

nonpolar covalent bond

a covalent bond in which the two atoms have identical or very similar electronegativities, so the charges are distributed evenly