Final Exam Study Guide (1)
0.0(0)
Studied by 0 people
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt PlayCard Sorting
1/39
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Last updated 3:33 AM on 3/14/25
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced | Call with Kai |
|---|
No analytics yet
Send a link to your students to track their progress
40 Terms
1
New cards
Photosynthesis increase when light intensity is doubled
Increases, but less than doubling.
2
New cards
Palisade layer function in leaves
Acts like fiber optics, channeling light deeper into the leaf.
3
New cards
Root uptake of nutrients and water
Occurs near growing root tips and in root hairs due to greater surface area.
4
New cards
Phloem sugar transport mechanism
Sugar is pumped into phloem at the source, increasing osmotic pressure and driving water into the phloem.
5
New cards
Latent heat definition
The energy required to evaporate water.
6
New cards
Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) lowest conditions
Cool, moist conditions.
7
New cards
Effect of leaf size on temperature
Larger leaves are warmer due to lower boundary layer conductance.
8
New cards
True or false: leaves emit light in darkness
True, they emit longwave (thermal infrared) radiation.
9
New cards
Difference between flow and flux
Flow is movement per unit time; flux is movement per unit time per unit area.
10
New cards
Net CO₂ assimilation rate and respiration rate
Equal in darkness.
11
New cards
Relative humidity definition
The vapor pressure of water as a fraction of its saturating value.
12
New cards
Harvest index (HI) definition
The ratio of yield to total biomass produced.
13
New cards
Empirical vs. mechanistic models
Empirical models rely on observed data; mechanistic models are based on biological principles.
14
New cards
Penman-Monteith equation purpose
Predicts evapotranspiration based on energy balance and aerodynamic factors.
15
New cards
True or false: crop systems models
True; they combine empirical and mechanistic approaches.
16
New cards
Radiation use efficiency definition
Efficiency in converting intercepted light into biomass.
17
New cards
Beneficial uses of viruses in plant science
Used as vectors for genetic modification and biological control agents.
18
New cards
Nodule function in plants
Specialized root structure housing nitrogen-fixing bacteria to convert atmospheric nitrogen.
19
New cards
Mycorrhiza definition
Symbiotic association between fungi and plant roots enhancing nutrient and water uptake.
20
New cards
Virulence meaning
The degree of pathogenicity of an organism.
21
New cards
Most important greenhouse condition
Water vapor is the most significant natural greenhouse gas.
22
New cards
Role of atmospheric CO₂ in glacial cycles
CO₂ levels fluctuated with glacial and interglacial periods, affecting temperature changes.
23
New cards
Temperature increase effect of CO₂ and water vapor feedback
1°C direct effect leads to approximately 2°C increase.
24
New cards
Effect of anthropogenic aerosols on climate
Cooling effect by reflecting sunlight and promoting cloud formation.
25
New cards
Effect of rising CO₂ concentration on stomatal conductance
Decreases stomatal conductance.
26
New cards
Nitrogen limitation under elevated CO₂
Increased CO₂ enhances growth, raising nitrogen demand beyond soil supply.
27
New cards
Reasons yield might not increase with climate warming
Shorter growing seasons, increased respiration, and heat stress.
28
New cards
Reasons climate warming might not enhance photosynthesis
Stomatal closure, enzyme inefficiency, and drought stress.
29
New cards
Notable characteristic of Rubisco
Most abundant protein on Earth and catalyzes CO₂ fixation.
30
New cards
Importance of water for plants
Maintains turgor pressure and supports transpiration.
31
New cards
Casparian strip function in roots
Controls water and nutrient uptake through selective membranes.
32
New cards
C₄ vs C₃ photosynthesis advantages
C₄ photosynthesis is better in hot, dry, and high-light environments.
33
New cards
Ultimate electron donor and acceptor in photosynthesis
Donor: Water (H₂O), Acceptor: NADP⁺.
34
New cards
Essential macronutrients for plants
Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sulfur (S).
35
New cards
Meristem definition
Region of actively dividing cells responsible for plant growth.
36
New cards
Sporophyte and Gametophyte roles in plants
Sporophyte produces spores; Gametophyte produces gametes.
37
New cards
Why choose clonal propagation over seeds
Ensures uniformity and preserves desirable traits.
38
New cards
Best area for taking cuttings for propagation
More basal area due to stored nutrients and hormones.
39
New cards
Are colorful, fleshy structures containing seeds always fruits?
No, some seeds are enclosed in structures that are not true fruits.
40
New cards
True or False: US acreage planted with genetically engineered crops
False; a significant portion of major crops are genetically engineered.
Note 
Flashcards (84)