Lewis Model (+electronegativity)

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9 Terms

1
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Why is the Lewis Model useful?

  1. Shows how outer electrons are shared to fulfill the OCTET RULE

  2. Explains structure of molecules

  3. Introduced concept of BOND ORDER (single bond = bond order 1, double bond = bond order 2)

2
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What is the Octet Rule?

The tendency of atoms to achieve the electronic configuration of the closest noble gas

3
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  1. What are the disadvantages to the Lewis Model?

  1. Does not explain bonding

  2. Model does not work for some molecules (eg, NO)

  3. Fails to explain bonding in transition metal compounds

4
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What is electronegativity?

The power of an electron to attract the electrons towards itself

5
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What is Pauling’s electronegativity?

A scale that quantifies an element’s electronegativity

6
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What equations did Pauling come up with, and how did he come to this conclusion?

Pauling noticed that XY (HETERONUCLEAR MOLECULES) bond dissociation enthalpies were greater than XX or YY (HOMONUCLEAR MOLECULES) bond dissociation enthalpies

XY > XX/YY

<p>Pauling noticed that XY (HETERONUCLEAR MOLECULES) bond dissociation enthalpies were greater than XX or YY (HOMONUCLEAR MOLECULES) bond dissociation enthalpies </p><p></p><p>XY &gt; XX/YY</p>
7
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What other equation did Pauling derive from this?

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8
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What trends are found in electronegativity?

Electronegativity generally…

  • increases across period

  • decreases down group

9
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How does oxidation state affect electronegativity?

Minor increases with increasing oxidation states