unit 3 vocab - hydration

cardiovascular drift

a phenomenon during steady state exercise where your HR rises and stroke volume falls to maintain cardiac output

dehydration

a deficit of water in the body

electrolytes

charged ions like sodium and potassium that regulate fluid balance, nerve transmission, muscle contraction

hypernatremia

a a condition where sodium concentration is too high often due to dehydration or excessive sodium intake

hyponatremia

a condition where sodium concentration is too low often from excessive fluid intake during exercise

osmolarity

a measure of solute concentration in body fluids that determines the direction of water movement

intracellular fluid (ICF)

the fluid inside of cells making uo about 2/3 of total body water

extracellular fluid (ECF)

the fluid outside of the cells including plasma and insterstitial fluid, 1/3

interstitial fluid

the fluid found between body cells allowing exchange in nutrients and wastes

diuretic

a substance that increases urine production leading to greater water loss

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

a hormone released by the pituitary that promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys

hypertonic

a solution with a higher solute concentration causing water to move out of cells

hypotonic

a solution with a lower solute concentration causing water to move into cells

isotonic

solution with equal solute concentrations inside and outside resulting in no net water movement