Quiz 2: Dimensional Analysis and Atomic Structure

4.98 mg = ? grams

4.98 mg x 1g/1000 mg = 0.00498 g

1.7 x 10^3 Ms = ? seconds

1.7 x 10^3 Ms x 1s/(1 x 10^6 Ms) = 0.00175 s

What are the 2 temperature Conversion Formulas?

T (k) = T (degrees C) + 273.15

T (degrees C) = (5/9) [T (degrees F) - 32]

Temperature Conversions:

70 degrees F = ? degrees C

(5/9)(70-32) = 21 degrees C

Temperature Conversions:

45.73 degrees C = ? Kelvin

45.73 degrees C + 273.15 = 318.88 K

SI Unit Conversions:

0.10 m^3 = ? mL

0.10 m^3 x (100 cm/1 m)^3 x 1 mL/1 cm^3 = 1.0 x 10^5 mL

True or False:

The atom is not indestructible

True

What are the three Subatomic Particles you need to know?

1. Electrons

2. Neutrons

3. Protons

What charge does each subatomic particle have?

Electrons - 1-

Neutrons - no charge

Protons - 1+

What makes up the Atomic Number?

The number of Protons

_____________ and ____________ are known as Nucleons because they are inside the nucleus

- Protons

- Neutrons

_____________ spread out over a large volume due to repulsion

Electrons

_______________ are outside the nucleus occupying orbitals

Electrons

All _____________ of an atom comes from the electron cloud

Volume

_______________ are atoms with the same protons but different neutrons

Isotopes

How do you know if an atom is Neutral?

- There is no charge on the nuclide symbol

- Protons = Electrons

Draw the Nuclide Symbol Format

How many protons, neutrons and electrons does

235

U

92 have?

- 92 protons

- 235 - 92 = 143 neutrons

- 92 electrons

How many protons, neutrons and electrons does

235 3 +

U

92 have?

- 92 protons

- 235 - 92 = 143 neutrons

- 92 - 3 = 89 electrons

How many protons, neutrons and electrons does

235 3 -

U

92 have?

- 92 protons

- 235 - 92 = 143 neutrons

- 92 + 3 = 95 electrons

Periodic Table:

1. rows represent ____________

2. columns represent ____________

1. periods

2. Groups (18)

Period Table:

How many groups are there and how many are Main (representative) groups and how many are Transitional metals (elements)?

- 18

- 1-2 and 13-18

- 3-12

Period Table:

The separate rows on the bottom are the ____________ and _____________.

They are the ____________ metals

- Lanthanides

- Actinides

- Inner transition

What are the 2 types of Ions?

1. Anions (1-)

2. Cations (1+)

What is the difference between Cations and Anions?

- Cations are positively charged ion, loses electrons

- Anions are negatively charged ion, gains electrons

Which groups identify as cations and which groups identify as anions?

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group 4

Group 13

Group 15

Group 16

Group 17

- Groups 1-4 and 13 are Cations

- Groups 15-17 are anions

Positive Ions (Cations): What is the charge of each group?

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group 4

Group 13

1+

2+

3+

4+

3+

Negative Ions (Anions): What is the charge of each group?

Group 15

Group 16

Group 17

3-

2-

1-

Group __________ consists of Alkali metals

1

Group _________ consists of Alkali earth metals

2

Group __________ consists of Noble gases

18

Group ___________ consists of Halogens

17

Fine the Average Atomic Mass:

10

B → 19.9% 10.0129 amu

11

B → 80.1% 11.0093 amu

(0.199)(10.0129) + (0.801)(11.0093) = 10.811 amu

Fine the Average Atomic Mass:

25

Mg → 78.99% 23.985 amu

25

Mg → 10.00% 24.986 amu

26

Mg → 11.01% 25.983 amu

(0.7899)(23.985) + (0.1)(24.986) + (0.1101)(25.983) = 24.305 amu

63

Cu → 69.17% 62.9396 amu

Average atomic mass = 63.546

What is missing? __Cu

100% - 69.17% = 30.83%

63.546 amu = (0.6917)(62.9396) + (0.3083)(x)

x = 64.929 amu → round up to 65

65

C

Most elements are ____________ while only 20 elements are ________________

- metals

- nonmetals

____________ lack metallic properties

Nonmetals

Metals are defined by their metallic properties. What are these 5 properties?

1. Metallic luster (shiny)

2. Conducts heat/electricity

3. Malleable (can be hammered into sheets)

4. Ductile (can be drawn into wires)

5. Usually hard (ex. steel)

What are metalloids and how do they compare and contrast to metals?

- In between metals and nonmetals (ex. silicon)

- Semiconductors → conduct electricity/heat but not well

(ex. Electronics, solar cells, LEDS)

What is the SI base unit for

1. Mass

2. Length

3. Temperature

4. Time

5. Quantity of a substance

1. kg (kilogram)

2. m (meters)

3. K (kevin)

4. s (seconds)

5. mol (mole)

What is the value for each SI unit

1. G (giga) = 10^9

2. M (mega) = 10^6

3. k (kilo) = 10^3

4. h (hecto) = 10^2

5. da (deka) = 10

6. d (deci) = 10^-1

7. c (centi) = 10^-2

8. m (milli) = 10^-3

9. cursive M (micro) = 10^-6

10. n (nano) = 10^-9

11. p (pico) = 10^-12