PCOG ALKALOIDS

Nicotiana tabacum

Scientific name for Cultivated Tobacco

Nicotiana rustica

Scientific name for wild tobacco

Nicotine/ Nicotinic Acid

AC of Tobacco

Temporary aid for smoking cessation

Use/s of Tobacco

Areca catechu

Scientific name of Areca / Betel nut

Arecoline

AC of Areca/Betel Nut

Stimulant/ Anthelmintic/ Vermifuge/ Taenifuge in veterinary practice (purga)

Use/s of Areca / Betel Nut

Lobelia inflata

Scientific name for Lobelia

Lobeline

AC of Lobelia

Emetic (gapasuka)

Aid in smoking cessation

Use/s of Lobelia

Atropa belladonna

SN of Belladonna leaf/ Deadly Nightshade leaf

Atropine

AC of Belladonna leaf/ Deadly Nightshade leaf

Spasmolytic agent

Anticholinergic properties

Use/s of Belladonna leaf/deadly nightshade leaf

Hyocyamus niger

SN of Hyoscyamus or Henbane

Hyoscyamine

Scopolamine (Hyoscine) Generic name of Buscopan

AC of Hyoscyamus or Henbane

Parasympatholytics

Use/s of Hyoscyamus or Henbane

Datura stramonium

SN of Stramonium/ Jimson weed/ Jamestown weed

Atropine

AC of Stramonium/ Jimson weed/ Jamestown weed

Spasmolytic agent

Anticholinergic properties

Use/s of Stramonium/ Jimson weed/ Jamestown weed

Erythroxylum coca

SN of Coca leaves

Cocaine

AC of Coca leaves

Local Anesthetics

Use/s of Coca Leaves

Dried roots of Withania somnifera

SN of Withania

Tropine; Pseudotropine; Hygrine

AC of Withania

Sedative

Use/s of Withania

Dried leaves of Duboisia myoporoides

SN of Duboisia

Hyoscyamine; Hyoscine

AC of Duboisia

Anticholinergic agents

Use/s of Duboisia

Dried roots of Mandragora officinarum

Mandragora or European Mandrake

Mandragorine; Hyoscyamine; Hyoscine

AC of Mandragora or European Mandrake

Anticholinergic ants (antispasmodic); Anesthetic agent

Use/s of

Mandragora or European Mandrake

Barks of Cinchona ledgeriana

SN of Cinchona

Cinchona Bark/ Peruvian bark

Quinine, Quinidine, Cinchonine, Cinchonidine

AC of Cinchona

Cinchona Bark/ Peruvian bark

Treatment of Malaria

Use/s of Cinchona

Cinchona Bark/ Peruvian bark

Barks of Remijia purdieana; Remijia pedunculata

SN of Cuprea bark

Quinidine

AC of Cuprea bark

Treatment for cardiac arrhythmias

Use/s of Cuprea Bark

Roots and rhizome of Cephaelis ipecacuanha; Cephaelis acuminata

SN of Ipecac

Ipecac (Rio or Brazilian); Cartagena or Panama Ipecac

Emetine

Cephaeline

Psychotrine

AC of Ipecac

Ipecac (Rio or Brazilian); Cartagena or Panama Ipecac

Emetic

Antidote for drug overdose

Use/s of Ipecac

Ipecac (Rio or Brazilian); Cartagena or Panama Ipecac

Dried rhizome and roots of Hydrastis canadensis

SN of Hydrastis

Hydrastis or Goldenseal

Hydrastine

Berberine

Canadine

AC of Hydrastis

Hydrastis or Goldenseal

Dye/Colorant 

Astringent

Use/s of Hydrastis

Hydrastis or Goldenseal

Dried rhizomes of Sanguinaria canadensis

SN of Sanguinaria or Blood Root

Sanguinarine

AC of Sanguinaria or Blood Root

Stimulating expectorant; Emetic

Use/s of Sanguinaria or Blood Root

Dried bark and stem of Strychnos casternaei; Strychnos toxifera

SN of Curare or South American Arrow Poison

Tubocurarine

AC of Curare or South American Arrow Poison

Skeletal muscle relaxant

Use/s of Curare or South American Arrow Poison

Milky exudate of Papaver somniferum

SN of Opium or Gum opium

Morphine;Codeine; Noscapine; (Narcotine)- Antitussive; Papaverine - antitussive

AC of Opium or Gum Opium

Narcotic; Analgesic; Hypnotic; Cough Suppressant (Antitussive)

Use/s of Opium or Gum Opium

Dried roots of Rauwolfia serpentina

SN of Rauwolfia

Reserpine

AC of Rauwolfia

Hypotensive agent; Sedative

Use/s of Rauwolfia

Dried whole plant of Catharanthus roseus

SN of Catharanthus or Vinca rosea

Vinblastine; Vincristine

AC of Catharanthus or Vinca rosea

Anti-cancer agents

Use/s of Catharanthus or Vinca rosea

Dried ripe seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica

SN of Nux Vomica

Strychnine; Brucine

AC of Nux Vomica

Central stimulant; Alcohol denaturant 

Vermicide (Strychnine)

Use/s of Nux Vomica

Dried, ripe seeds of Physostigma venenosum

SN of Physostigma or Calabar Bean or Ordeal Bean

Physostigmine (Eserine)

AC of Physostigma or Calabar Bean or Ordeal Bean

Treat glaucoma; Anticholinergic agents; poisoning antidote

Use/s of Physostigma or Calabar Bean or Ordeal Bean

Dried sclerotium of Claviceps purpurea

SN of Ergot; Rye Ergot; Secale Cornutum

Ergonovine; Ergotamine

AC of Ergot; Rye Ergot; Secale Cornutum

Oxytocic agent; Tx for migraine

Use/s of Ergot; Rye Ergot; Secale Cornutum

Leaflets of Pilocarpus jaborandi (Pernambuco Jaborandi); Pilocarpus microphyllum (Maranham Jaborandi); Pilocarpus pinnatifolius (Paraguay Jaborandi)

SN of Pilocarpus or Jaborandi

Pilocarpine

Pilosine

AC of Pilocarpus or Jaborandi

Cholinergic agents; Tx for glaucoma

Use/s of Pilocarpus or jaborandi

Dried cotyledon of Cola nitida

SN of Kola or Cola or Kolantus

Caffeine; Theobromine

AC of Kola or Cola or Kolantus

CNS stimulant; Diuretic

Use/s of Kola or Cola or Kolantus

Dried ripe seed of Coffea arabica; Coffea robusta

SN of Coffee bean or Coffee seed

Caffeine

AC of Coffee bean or Coffee seed

CNS stimulant; Diuretic

Use/s of Coffee bean or Coffee seed

Dried leaves of Camellia sinensis

SN of Thea or Tea

Theine (Caffeine), Theobromine, Theophylline

AC of Thea or Tea

CNS stimulant (Caffeine); Diuretic and smooth muscle (Theobromine); Prevention of bronchial asthma; Tx for irreversible bronchospasm (Theophylline)

Use/s Thea or Tea

Dried rhizomes of Veratrum viride

SN of Green or American Hellebore

Germidine; Germitrine

AC of Green or American Hellebore

Hypotensive agent; cardiac depressant; sedative

Use/s of Green or American Hellebore

Dried rhizomes of Veratrum album

SN of White or European Hellebore

Proveratrine A and B

AC of White or European Hellebore

Hypotensive agent

Use/s of White or European Hellebore

Entire plant or underground portion of Ephedra sinica; Ephedra equisetina; Ephedra distachya

SN of Ephedra or Ma Huang

Ephedrine

AC of Ephedra or Ma Huang

Potent sympathomimetic

Use/s of Ephedra or Ma Huang

Dried ripe seed of Colchicum autumnale

SN of Colchicine

Colchicine

AC of Colchicine

Gout suppressant (anti gout)

Use/s of Colchicine

Fresh leaves of Catha edulis

SN of Khat or Abyssinian Tea

Cathinone = norpseudoephedrine (80%) and norephedrine (20%)

AC of Khat or Abyssinian Tea

Stimulant (Alleviate the sensation of hunger and fatigue)

Use/s of Khat or Abyssinian Tea

Dried tops of Lophophora williamsii

SN of Peyote or Mescal Buttons

Mescaline

AC of Peyote or Mescal Buttons

Hallucinogenic agent

Use/s of Peyote or Mescal Buttons

Alkaloids

 Are group of mildly alkaline compounds, mostly of plant origin and of moderate molecular complexity.

Alkaloids

• Represent a group of natural products that has had a major impact throughout history on the economic.

• Has a potent physiological effects on mammalian  systems as well as other organisms. 

• Atropine, morphine, quinine, and vincristine - host of agents to treat a gamut of disease conditions that range from malaria to cancer

• Extremely poisonous

Nicotine

responsible for its psychological and physical dependence associated with the chronic use of tobacco