Hist Midterm 2 Quick Terms

Kelp Highway

Around 16,000 years ago along the Pacific Rim Coastlines from Northeast Asia down to the west coast of North & South America.

Hohokam

Approximately 750-1375 CE, Sonoran Desert (central and Southern Arizona, along the Gila and Salt Rivers).

Tenochtitlan

Founded around 1325 C.E, located in Mesoamerica (modern day Mexico City).

Fall of Constantinople

May 29, 1453, Constantinople (now Istanbul), Byzantine Empire.

Métissage

Began in 1508 across New France/Canada and broadly in colonial Latin America.

Estevan de Dorantes

Born early to mid 1500s; from Morocco, important in Narváez Expedition in 1527.

Catholic Missions

1500s-1800s across Spanish and French colonial territories in the Americas.

Indian Slavery

Began with early European contact (1500s onward) across the Americas especially intense in the Caribbean, Spanish mainland, and English/Carolina colonial frontiers.

Encomienda

Formally established around 1503 in Spanish America and later the Philippines.

Grand Banks Cod Fisheries: 

Beginning in 1760, in Newfoundland, the Grand Banks became known as rich fishing grounds. The fish were so numerous that they often impeded the progress of sailing vessels.

Habitants

Peasant settlers in the 17th to 18th centuries, of New France. 

Fort Ross

A Russian-American Company outpost founded 1812–abandoned 1841; on the northern California coast.

Tomochichi

Born around 1644, Leader of the Yamacraw Indians, first met with General Ogelthorpe in 1733.

Jamestown

Founded May 14th, 1607 on the James River near present day Williamsburg, Virginia. Initially had 105 English colonists.

Germantown Declaration

April 1688, Germantown (near Philadelphia), Pennsylvania had Quakes petition against slavery in North America.

The Darien Anti-Slavery Petition

Written around 1738-139 in the Darien Settlement, wrote a petition to General Ogelthorpe against the introduction of African slavery to their settlement.

King George’s Proclamation Line

October 7, 1763, forbid colonial settlement west of a specified line (appalachian crest) after French & Indian war.

Cumberland Gap

Cumberland Gap discovered in 1750 by Thomas Walker. A strategic pass through the Cumberland Plateau (Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee). Famous painting depicting Daniel Boone traveling through the Cumberland Gap created in the 19th Century.

Fort Mose

Established 1738 near St. Augustine, Spanish Florida.

Battle of Saratoga

Sept-Oct 1777 in Upstate New York. Turning point in revolutionary war; got French alliance.

The Federalists

1780s–early 1800s, United States (national politics). Led by Alexander Hamiltion, and John Adams.

Small Pox Epidemic

Revolutionary War era across the colonies and among combatants notably acute 1775–1782 with important episodes around 1777. Washington ordered inoculation.

Free State of Muscogee

1799-1803; Northwest Spanish Florida. William Augustus Bowles a previous Loyalist veteran. Made republic based in racial equality.

Lewis & Clark

1804 to 1806; explored Louisiana Purchase and the Pacific Northwest.

Horse/Gun Frontier

Primarily 17th–19th centuries on the North American Plains (diffusion of horses from the 1600s; firearms from European trade thereafter).

Comanches and Lakota

18th–19th centuries Comanche dominated the southern Plains / Lakota the northern Plains.

Christian Pieber

Arrived in Charleston South Carolina in 1735. German trained lawyer. Worked with Cherokee. Wanted a utopian Commonwealth.