AP BIo Unit 3

Basic definition of photosynthesis

Builds up organic compounds to store up energy

Basic definition of Cellular Respiration

Breaks down organic compounds to release energy

Two Stages of photosynthesis in the leaves

Light Dependent Reactions and The Calvin cycle

Where do light reactions take place?

In the thylakoid membrane

What do the light reactions require

A continuous supply of light energy

What and where is sunlight converted during photosynthesis?

In the chlorophyllWha the light energy is captured and converted into chemical energy.

What two compounds are in chemical energy?

ATP, and NADPH

What is ATP?

An energy storage molecule

What is NADPH?

A reduced electron carrier

In which stage of photosynthesis is oxygen made ?

Light Dependent Reactions

Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

The Stroma

What does the Calvin cycle not require?

Light

What does the Calvin cycle use to produce glucose?

ATP and NADPH

What do leaves function as?

Solar Collectors

What do plants use to exchange gas?

Stromates on the underside of leaves

How many chloroplast does one plant cell have?

40-50

Where does photosynthesis usually take place?

The leaves

What are the cells in the middle layer of the leaf called?

Mesophyll

Where are stomata found?

Small pores on the surface of the leaf

What do the stomata do?

Let carbon dioxide diffuse into the mesophyll layer and let oxygen diffuse out

What are thylakoids?

disc-like structures arranged in piles like stacks of pancakes

What is in the membrane of thylakoids?

Chlorophylls

What do cholorphylls do?

Absorb light

What is the Stroma?

Fluid filled space around the grana

What are the thylakoids stacks called?

Grana or granum

What color wavelength does chlorophyll best absorb?

Red and Blue

What is the absorption spectrum?

shows how strongly the pigments absorb at different wavelengths. 

What is the action spectrum?

rate of a physiological activity plotted against wavelength of light.

Where does the ATP and NADPH go after being produced?

The Calvin Cycle

What is ATP composed of?

Ribose, a 5-carbon sugar, 3 phosphate groups, and adenine, a nitrogenous base.

What does the light reactions create?

Energy Storage Molecule ATP, and reduced electron carrier NADPH

Where do light reactions take place?

Thylakoid Membranes

Which Photosystem comes first?

Photosystem II

What is the special pair of photosystem I called?

P700

What is the special pair of photosystem II called?

P680

Where are the photosystems and Electron transport chain?

The thylakoid membrane