koh ethanol

treatment for withdrawal of alcohol

benzos, clonidine

ALDH blocker for alcohol aversion

disulfram

mu opioid blocker for alcohol cravings

naltrexone

NMDA blocker for abstinence

Acamprozare

antidote for methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning

fomepizole (Antizol)

what CNS disorder is caused by thiamine deficiency in alcoholics

wernicke-korsakoff syndrome

signs of major alcohol withdrawal

hallucinations, tremors, autonomic instability, delirium

blood alcohol level for legal intoxication in the US

0.08

how does ethanol effect the CNS

potentiates GABA and inhibits NMDA receptors

name 3 drugs that cause disulfiram-like reactions with alcohol

metronidazole, cefotetan, griseofulvin

what happens with ALDH*2 mutation

acetaldehyde builds up, causing flushing, nausea

what genetic variant leads to faster ethanol metabolism

ADH2*2

what enzyme pathway metabolizes most ethaol

ADH, acetaldehyde, acetate via ALDH

where is ethanol primarily absorbed

small intestine (75%), stomach (25%)