Arrays and Strings in C

These flashcards cover fundamental concepts related to arrays and strings in C programming based on the lecture notes.

String

An array of characters terminated by a special character '\0' (null character).

Null character '\0'

A special character that marks the end of a string in C.

char str[] = "computer";

Declares a character array 'str' and initializes it with the string 'computer'.

strlen() function

A function used to return the length of a string, counting the number of characters present.

strcat() function

A function used to concatenate two strings by appending the second string to the end of the first string.

strcmp() function

A function used to compare two strings in a case-sensitive manner.

strcpy() function

A function used to copy one string to another.

Accessing elements of an array

Elements are accessed using their index number, with the first element at index [0].

Two-dimensional array

An array that contains rows and columns, also known as a matrix.

%s format specifier

Used in printf to print a string.

clrscr() function

Clears the console screen in C programming.

getch() function

Reads a single character from the keyboard without echoing it to the screen.

gets() function

Reads a line of input from standard input into a character array.

Accessing a string character

Characters in a string can be accessed using an index inside square brackets.

Updating characters in a string

Characters can be updated by using their index in the string.

Character array

A data structure in C used to store a string, declared as an array of 'char' type.