fish welfare at slaughter

humane slaughter association focuses on livestock welfare at what times

markets, transport, up to+ including slaughter

PATOK stands for what

protection of animals at the time of killing

requirements for killing

spared avoidable pain, distress, suffering

potential stressors during killing

inc stocking density

food withdrawal

ineffective stunning

removal from water

humans

inc light

abrasions

dec oxygen

humane def

inflict minimum pain

methods of stunning

mechanical/ percussive

electrical

exposure to gas

methods of stunning in fish

in water electrical

dry electrical

indicators of effective electrical stun

rigid

loss of balance

no breathing

abscence of eye roll reflex (eyes stay in fixed orientation)

small involuntary muscle twitches

no reaction to tail pinch

purpose of percussive stunning

transfer sufficient energy to brain to immediately interrupt normal function+ induce unconsciousness

how is animal killed

bleeding/ exsanguination

max time between stunning + killing

10-15s

where to cut fish to kill

sever gill arches

what to do with hypoxia resistent species after cutting

immersed in cold deoxygenated water