Chapter 21 | Immigrants and Push/Pull factors | Honors U.S. History

emigrate

leave one's own country in order to settle permanently in another.

ethnic group

Group of people who share common ancestry, language, religion, customs, or combination of such characteristics

Steerage

the part of a ship providing accommodations for passengers with the cheapest tickets.

recruit

to enlist or encourage to join a group; example: join a labor union

assimilate

to adapt fully to a new culture, example - learning the language

Nativist

a person who favors those born in his country and is opposed to immigrants

Urbanization

Movement of people from rural areas to cities

Tenement

A building in which several families rent rooms or apartments, often with little sanitation or safety

slum

a heavily populated urban area characterized by substandard housing and squalor

middle class

A social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers

suburb

a residential district located on the outskirts of a city

Settlement House Movement

Creation of places that offered social services to urban poor - often food, shelter, and basic higher education - Hull House was most famous

skyscraper

a very tall building with many stories made possible by steel

land-grant colleges

Colleges and universities created from allocations of public land through the Morrell Act of 1862 and the Hatch Act of 1887. These grants helped fuel the boom in higher education in the late nineteenth century, and many of the today's public universities derive from these grants.

Yellow Journalism: Hearst & Pulitzer

journalism that is based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration.

spectator sports

were sports such as baseball, football, basketball, and boxing that were professionally organized in the late 19th century

Vaudeville

A type of inexpensive variety show that first appeared in the 1870s, often consisting of comic sketches, song-and-dance routines, and magic acts

Jazz

a style of music characterized by the use of improvisation

Ragtime

A type of music featuring melodies with shifting accents over a steady, marching-band beat; originated among black musicians in the south and midwest in the 1880s

Ellis Island

An immigrant receiving station that opened in 1892, where immigrants were given a medical examination and only allowed in if they were healthy

Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

law that suspended Chinese immigration into America. The ban was supposed to last 10 years, but it was expanded several times and was essentially in effect until WWII. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was the first significant law that restricted immigration into the United States of an ethnic working group. Extreme example of nativism of period

Gilded Age

1870s - 1890s; time period looked good on the outside, despite the corrupt politics & growing gap between the rich & poor

Hull House-Jane Addams

settlement house founded in chicago 1889 by jane addams to provide social and educational opportunities for immigrant workers in surrounding neighborhoods.

City Beautiful Movement

A turn-of-the-century movement among progressive architects and city planners, who aimed to promote order, harmony, and virtue while beautifying the nation's new urban spaces with grand boulevards, welcoming parks, and monumental public buildings.

John Dewey

He was a philosopher who believed in "learning by doing" which formed the foundation of progressive education. He believed that the teachers' goal should be "education for life and that the workbench is just as important as the blackboard."

Tuskegee Institute

a vocational college for African Americans in Alabama, founded by Booker T. Washington

Realism

A 19th century artistic movement in which writers and painters sought to show life as it is rather than life as it should be

Regionalism

an element in literature that conveys a realistic portrayal of a specific geographical locale, using the locale and its influences as a major part of the plot

Mark Twain

The writer and humorist best known for his novels about Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn (1835-1910); used "realistic fiction".

Rutgers v. Princeton

1st college football game played in the USA; part of the rise of spectator sports

Dr. James Naismith

inventor of basketball