Integumentary System

Gland that secretes an oily substance

Sebaceous gland

Binds skin to underlying organisms

Subcutaneous Layer

Epidermal pigment ranging from yellow to brown to black

Melanin

An oily secretion that helps to waterproof your skin

Sebum

Tubelike part that contains the root of the hair

Hair follicle

General name of the entire superficial layer of skin

Epidermis

Inner layer of skin

Dermis

Become active at puberty, in the armpits

Apocrine sweat gland

Outermost layer of the epidermis

Stratum Corneum

Responds to elevated body temperature

Eccrine sweat gland

Causes hair to stand erect and goose bumps to appear 

Arrector pili muscle

Hard protein of nails and hair

Keratin

What part of the hair is above the epidermis

Hair shaft

What part of the hair is below the epidermis

Hair root

True or False: Skin is a membrane

True

Functions of Body Membranes

Cover surfaces, line body cavities, form protective and lubricating sheets around organs

Function of skin

Protect the body, regulate body temperature, helps excrete waste through sweat

Two types of body membranes

Epithelial and Connective membranes

Membrane made of epithelial tissue AND underlying connective tissue

Epithelial Membrane

Because they contain multiple tissues, Epithelial membranes are technically simple ___

organs

Cutaneous Membrane

Skin

Epithelial membrane that lines all body cavities exposed to the exterior

Mucous Membranes

Cutaneous membranes are exposed to air, they are ___ ___

Dry Membranes

Name all locations of Mucous Membranes

Digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts

Epithelial membrane that lines all body cavities NOT exposed to the exterior

Serous membrane

Layer of serous membrane that lines the wall of a cavity

Parietal Layer

Layer of serous membrane that lines the outside of an organ

Visceral Layer

Visceral and Parietal layers are separated by this to avoid friction

Serous Fluid

Location of Visceral Pericardia

Part of serous membrane touching the HEART

Location of Parietal Pericardia

Part of serous membrane on the cavity side of the HEART

Location of Visceral Pleurae

Part of serous membrane touching the LUNGS

Location of Parietal Pleurae

Part of serous membrane on the cavity side of the LUNGS

Location of Visceral Peritoneum

Part of serous membrane surrounding abdominal organs

Location of Parietal Peritoneum

Part of serous membrane facing the abdominal cavity

Fibrous capsules surrounding joints

Connective Tissue Membranes

Type of tissue in Synovial Membranes

Loose areolar connective tissue

What is the lubricating fluid in synovial membranes?

Synovial fluid

Parts of the integumentary system

Skin, sweat and oil glands, hair, and nails (does not include internal membranes)

Two places of the body with 5 layers of epidermis

Heels and palms

Toughening of the skin

Keratinization

Second layer of of epidermis, only present in palms and heels

Stratum Lucidum

Bottom layer of epidermis, site of cell division

Stratum Basale

List the layers of epidermis in order

Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basale

Produces melanin, found in stratum basale

Melanocytes

Cells that alert and activate immune system

Epidermal Dendritic cells

At junction of epidermis and dermis, act as touch receptors

Merkel Cells

Name area 1

Stratum Corneum

Name area 2

Stratum Lucidum

Name area 3

Stratum granulosum

Name area 4

Stratum spinosum

Name area 5

Stratum Basale

Name region 6

Epidermis

Name region 7

Dermis

Name region 8

Papillary layer

Name region 9

Reticular layer

Name region 10

Hypodermis

Name essential structure 11

Dermal Papillae

Name essential structure 12

Merkle cell

Name essential structure 13

Sensory nerve fiber

Name essential structure 14

Sebaceous gland

Name essential structure 15

Hair shaft

Name essential structure 16

Hair follicle

Name essential structure 17

Lamellar corpuscle

Name essential structure 18

Arector Pili muscle 

Name essential structure 19

Pore/Duct

Name essential structure 20

Eccrine sweat gland

Types of fibers found throughout the dermis

Collagen and elastin

Found throughout the dermis, find and keep out microbes that want to enter deeper into the body

Phagocytes

Deep pressure sensors found in dermis

Lamellar Corpuscles

Layer under dermis, not technically part of the skin, made of adipose tissue

Hypodermis (Subcutaneous)

Orange-yellow pigment (from carrots, leafy vegetables)

Carotene

Pigment in red blood cells

Hemoglobin

Tissue damage/death due to heat, electricity, ultraviolet light, or chemicals

Burns

Superficial burn (no blisters)

1st degree burn

Partial thickness burn (blistering)

Second degree

Full thickness burns (regeneration not possible skin grafts needed)

Third degree burns

Burn with deep tissue involvement (bone, muscle, tendons)

Fourth degree

Name the seven protective functions of the skin

Insulate/Cushion internal organs, Guard acidic damage, Limit heat damage, Gaurd UV damage, Protect against water loss, Protect against infection, Synthesize vitamin D