Movement inside and outside cells

Diffusion is the net movement of molecules and ions from a region of their higher __ to a region of their lower concentration.

Concentration

The process by which dissolved salts diffuse through root hair cells is called __.

Diffusion

Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower __ through a partially permeable membrane.

Water potential

If a plant cell is placed in distilled water, the cell becomes __ due to the intake of water.

Turgid

Animal cells can burst due to excess water intake in a process called __.

Haemolysis

The movement of particles through a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using energy is called __.

Active transport

The __ gradient is important in determining the rate of diffusion; the steeper it is, the faster the diffusion occurs.

Concentration

Substance uptake by epithelial cells in the villi of the small intestine is an example of __ transport.

Active

Plant cells lose water and become __ when placed in a concentrated salt solution.

Plasmolysed

The process where water moves in and out of cells is called __.

Osmosis

__ proteins are responsible for transporting specific molecules across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient.

Carrier