Nursing 653 NP I Assessment and Management of Sexually Transmitted Infections

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on the assessment and management of sexually transmitted infections and related genitourinary conditions.

What is the most reliable method to avoid transmission of STDs?

Abstinence and/or being in a long-term monogamous relationship with an uninfected partner.

What are some high-risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

Substance abuse, history of STDs, having multiple sex partners, commercial sex workers, long-distance truck drivers, military recruits, prisoners, and individuals already infected with HIV.

What is bacterial vaginosis and what are its symptoms?

Overgrowth of normal vaginal flora and Gardnerella vaginalis with symptoms including moderate to white discharge and a fishy odor.

What is the treatment for bacterial vaginosis?

Flagyl 500 mg BID for 7 days, vaginal Flagyl, or clindamycin gel, with no alcohol during treatment and for 3 days after.

What are common signs of a Candida albicans infection?

White curd-like thick vaginal discharge, pruritus with excoriations, vaginal soreness, burning, painful sex, and vulvar swelling.

What is the treatment for Candida albicans infections?

Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Monistat; Fluconazole 150 mg x 1 dose.

What is trichomoniasis and what are its symptoms?

A common form of vaginitis in which men are often asymptomatic, with symptoms including diffuse foul-smelling yellow-green discharge and 'strawberry cervix' appearance.

What is chlamydia and its typical treatment?

The most common STD causing cervicitis in women and urethritis in men; treated with Azithromycin 1 gm x 1 dose or Doxycycline 100 mg BID for 7 days.

What are the key signs and symptoms of gonorrhea?

Urethral discharge, meatal crusting, redness, dysuria, itching, and tenderness.

What is the initial treatment for gonorrhea?

Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 dose + Azithromycin 1 gm, particularly if chlamydia is indicated.

What is the treatment for non-gonococcal urethritis?

Doxycycline 100 mg PO BID x 7 days or Azithromycin 1 g PO once.

What virus causes genital herpes and what are the symptoms?

Herpes simplex virus, causing painful genital lesions, which may be recurrent and triggered by various factors.

What is syphilis and what are its stages?

An STD caused by T. pallidum with stages including primary (chancre), secondary (rash), and tertiary (systemic involvement).

What are some treatment options for syphilis?

Benzathine penicillin G, with different dosages depending on the stage.

What is Epididymitis and how is it treated?

Pain over the epididymis and testis; treated with cool compresses, NSAIDs, and antibiotics based on suspected cause.

What is the significance of a PSA test?

A PSA over 4 can indicate prostate cancer, and physical exam findings are necessary for evaluation.

How should patients be managed if they have hematuria?

Investigate for potential causes, especially cancer in patients over 50 or with risk factors, and perform appropriate diagnostic tests.

What conditions can cause urinary incontinence?

Stress incontinence, urge incontinence, and overflow incontinence, each requiring different management strategies.

What is the first line treatment for erectile dysfunction related to psychogenic causes?

Psychosexual therapy or lifestyle modifications; medications like Viagra for organic causes.