Studied by 21 people
Socrates + Plato
believed the mind and the body are two distinct entities, and that we are born with all the knowledge we will ever have (knowledge is innate)
Aristotle
believed that knowledge was not innate, and that knowledge that comes from experience
Francis Bacon + John Locke
believed in empiricism (what we know comes from experience, observation, and experimentation)
Wilhelm Wundt
the father of psychology; started the first psychology lab at the German University of Leipzig in 1879
Edward Titchener
Wundt’s student; founded the idea of structuralism; focused on introspection
William James
pioneered psychology in America; founded the idea of functionalism; influenced by Charles Darwin
John Watson + B.F. Skinner
founded the idea of behaviorism; focused less on cognitive processes
Sigmund Freud
founded the idea of psychodynamics; focused on the influence of childhood on a person as well as the unconscious
Phineas Gage
a famous case study; suffered a severe brain injury during construction which caused a dramatic personality change and provided early evidence that the frontal lobes of the brain influenced personality
Philip Zimbardo
constructed the famous “Stanford Prison Experiment” study; observed the role of power in influencing behavior
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