Lateralization of Cortical Function and Brain Structures

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts from the lecture on lateralization of cortical function and various brain structures.

Lateralization

The division of labor between the cerebral hemispheres.

Cerebral Dominance

The designation of the hemisphere dominant for language, typically the left hemisphere in 90% of people.

Left Hemisphere Functions

Controls language, math, and logic.

Right Hemisphere Functions

Involved in insight, visual-spatial skills, intuition, and artistic skills.

Cerebral White Matter

Composed of myelinated fibers responsible for communication between different brain regions.

Corpora Striatum

A structure including the caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus, involved in movement control.

Basal Nuclei Functions

Involved in muscular control, regulation of attention and cognition, and inhibition of unnecessary movements.

Hypothalamus

Controls many autonomic functions, emotional responses, and regulates body temperature and thirst.

Thalamus Function

Acts as a relay station for sensory and motor signals to and from the cerebral cortex.

Epithalamus

The dorsal portion of the diencephalon that includes the pineal gland, which secretes melatonin.

Medulla Oblongata Functions

Regulates vital autonomic functions including heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rhythm.

Cerebellum

Subconsciously coordinates skeletal muscle contraction and timing of movements.

Cerebellar Processing

Calculates the best way to coordinate muscle contraction based on input from the cortex and sensory pathways.