Forms of Oxygenation

how oxygen can be delivered to the patient in the healthcare setting

What are the low flow systems?

Nasal cannula

oxygen conserving cannula (oxymizer)

simple face mask

partial and nonrebreather

What are the high flow systems?

venturi mask

high flow nasal canula

noninvasive ventilation

Continous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

Bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP)

Nasal Cannula (adv, disadv, L/min, and %)

24-44%

1-6L/min

+ easily tolerated, safe and simple, effective for low concentration

- drying to mucous membranes, can cause skin irritation, cant use with nasal obstruction

oxygen conserving cannula

30-50%

8L/ min

+indicated for long term O2 use in the home, allows increased O2 concent. and lower flow

-cannula cannot be cleaned, more expensive than normal cannula

simple face mask

35-50%

6-12L/min

+short periods of time such as transporting the patient

-can induce claustrophobia, therapy gets interrupted with eating and drinking,

partial nonrebreather

60-90%

10-15L/min

+does not dry mucous membranes, , useful for short periods, delivers increased FiO2

-Hot and confining, bag can twist and kink,PATIENT IS NOT DOING GOOD IF THEY ARE ON THIS, interferes with eating or talking, skin irritating