Gay Liberation Test Review

Henry Gerber

Founded the Society for Human Rights, and published a newsletter titled “Friendship and Freedom”

Harry Hay

Founded the Mattachine Foundation in LA in 1950, used the term homophile instead of homosexual, considered it less clinical and focused on sex

One Magazine

Created by a new group called One which was a group for men and women, the first national magazine for the community, the US Postal Service refused to carry it- called it obscene, One won a lawsuit that forced the USP to carry it.

Daughter of Bilitis

Founded in 1955 by four Lesbian couples in San Francisco, published their own magazine called “the ladder”

First state to decriminalize being gay

Illinois

John Oliven

First to use the term transgender

Christine Jorgensen

The first known American to undergo gender confirmation surgery

Gay club life in NYC

It was illegal to solicit same-sex relationships so LGBTQ+ individuals established bars and clubs where they could express themselves openly.

Stonewall Inn Mafia

They owned gay bars because it was easy money for them since the LBGT community had few options on where to go. Bars didn’t have liquor licenses.

Why was the Stonewall Inn popular

The Inn was big, cheap, and drag-friendly. It also allowed homeless/runaway youth and dance with the same gender.

June 28th, 1969

Police raided the Inn and arrested several individuals, protestors gathered and began threatening police, a riot broke out and police fled inside, protestors attempted to burn the Inn down, five-day long protesting, conflicts with police continued.

Outcomes

Was a major event that created national energy that resulted in organizing and activism, the 1st year anniversary was the first pride parade, today INN is a national historical landmark

Kathy Kozachenko

The first elected American official who was publicly out. She won a seat to Ann Harbor (MI) city council.

Harvey Milk

Became the first openly gay man elected to public office and was the city supervisor of San Francisco, he was later assassinated. His assassination led to a protest.

Aids Outbreak definition and results

Originally called a type of pneumonia, AIDS/HIV are immunodeficiency disease, over 100,000 people died of HIV and in 1987 medicine was developed.

DADT - definition and repeal

Could serve as long as they kept their sexuality a secret. Obama replaced the rule and 12,000 officers were discharged for refusing to hide their sexuality.

DOMA

Clinton law that prevented the government from granting benefits to same-sex couples and allowed states to ignore marriage certificates from other states.

Matthew Shephard Act

The Supreme Court struck down anti-sodomy laws, in 1998 21-year-old Mathew Shepard was tortured and left to die, new hate crime law was named in his honor.

1st State to legalize gay marriage

Massachusetts

Obergefell v Hodges

Court case that legalized marriage for all