law making intervention flashcards

how many elected member are in the house of commons

650 members

when does general elections take place for mps

every 5 years

what does the cabinet consist of

prime minister and 22 ministers

what does the house of commons do

examine the work of the government and vote on bills and debate pass laws

how many member are their of the house of lords

800

who sits in the house of lords

* life peers
* Hereditary peers
* Bishops

who are life peers

people given title for service

who are Hereditary peer

people who inherited titles

what does the house of lords do

debate and make changes to proposed bills

what is a public bill

bill involving matters of public policy affecting the whole country

what are examples of public bills

legal service act 2007 and criminal justice and courts act 2015

what is the public bills: private member bills

when a backbencher introduces a bill

what is a backbencher

individual mp who introduces a bill

what is the ten minute rule

mp can make a speech supporting a new legislation

what are examples of public bills: private member bills

Abortion act 1967

what is a private bill

laws which affect only individual people or corporations

what are examples of private bills

Faversham Oyster Fisheries bill 2016

what is a hybrid bill

cross between private and public bills

who do hybrid bills affect

particular individuals organisations and areas

what is an example of hybrid bills

High speed rail act 2021

what is the aim of green papers

to allow people to give feedback on the department policy

what are White papers

Decision on how law is going to be reformed

what are Green papers

consultant documents produced by the minister

How do Green papers work

proposals are put forward for law reform from the government

what occurs in the first reading

the name of the bill is read out

what happens in the second reading

the main debate of the bill and a vote is taken

what is debated in the second reading

the principles behind the bill

what happens in the committee stage

detailed examination of each clause of the bill

who is nominated for the committee stage

people with special interest in or knowledge of the bill

what happens in the report stage

Committee report back to the House on any amendments that have been voted

what happens if there are no amendments

the bill goes to the third reading

what happens in the third reading

the final vote of the bill

when does further debate occur in third reading

when 6 or more maps request it

what happens when the bill is passed to the house of lords

bill goes through the same 5 stages

how does the media influence parliament

highlights public opinion to the government attention

what is an example of media influencing parliament

media changed the law on double jeopardy which led to two suspect being arrested

how do pressure groups make their voice heard

petition and publicity campaign

what is a sectional pressure group (interest group)

groups who seek to represent common interest of a section of society

what is an example of Sectional groups

law society for solicitors

what are cause groups

group who promote a particular idea or belief

what is an example of cause groups

Amnesty International

what are Insider groups (sectional groups)

group who have contact with someone in a position to influence politics

what is an example of insider groups

British Medical Association

what are outsider groups

groups who use direct action and barley legal methods to promote their cause

what is direct action

when a group take action which is intended to reveals an existing problem

what is an example of an outsider group

Insulate Britain

What is codification

the law on a certain topic is brought together into a single act of parliament

what is the aim of codification

make the law less complicated

what is a successful example of codification

Coroners and justice act 2009

what is consolidation

statutory provisions are brought together into one act

what is the aim of consolidation

make law clearer and more accessible

what is an example of consolidation

powers of criminal court act 2000

what is repeal

removing old laws that have lost their use

what is an example of repeal

statue law bill

what is reform

law commissions consider areas of aw which need reform

what are superior judges in supreme court

the justice

what are superior judges in court of appeal

lord justice of appeal

what are superior judges in the high court

high court judges

where does superior judges sit in the high court

three devisions of high court and queens bench division

who are inferior judges in crown court and county court

Circuit judges

when are recorders inferior judges

part time and sit in crown court but hear cases in county court

district judges - inferior judges what do they do

hear small claims and other matter in county court and sit in magistrates courts

who appoints Lord justices of the supreme court

current judges who hold high judicial judges for 2 years or solicitor or barrister for 15 years

High court judges

solicitor or barrister for 7 years or circuit judge for 2 years

Lord justices of appeal (court of Appeal)

solicitor or barrister for 7 years

Circuit judges

solicitor or barrister for 7 years or recorder or district judge for 3 years

Recorders (part time judges)

solicitor or barrister for 7 years

District judge in county or magistrates court

solicitor or barrister for 5 years

what are the steps of becoming a judge

* qualification
* selection
* appointment

what acts are used for the different levels of judicial ports

Courts and legal service act 1990 and amended in tribunals courts and enforcement act 2007

who selects superior judges

Judicial appointment committee

what act changed who selected superior judges

Constitutional reform act 2005

who appoints the selected candidate

the queen

what is the reason for the queen to appoint the candidate

keep appointments separate from the government

what does the judicial appointment committee do

advertise position interview and recommend to the lord chancellor who should be appointed

Security of tenure of superior judges

superior judges can’t be dismissed by the government they can only be dismissed through a petition to the king

Immunity for suit

judges can’t be sued for decisions they make

Independence from case

judges should not preside over any case they have links or interest in

Independence from the executive

judges aren’t involved in law making and can’t be dismissed by government

tenure of inferior judges

if they are convicted of a crime they can be dismissed

what is access to justice

when a person cannot get the help they need

what does the Citizens Advice Bureau (CAB) do

provide free advice to anyone on a variety of issues

what are the main areas the citizens advice bureau (CAB) help with

entitlement to benefits and dept problems

what does law centres do

offer free non means tested legal advice to people in their area

what is the aim of law centres

provide free legal advices in areas where access to legal system is limited

what issues has law centres faced

funding cuts

what does solicitors offer

free or fixed fee initial interviews

what is the Bar pro bono unit

barrister give their spare time to represent clients

what does trade unions offer

legal service and advice for their members

public funding

legal aid comes fro government funding its not available in civil cases

who qualifies for the means test (based on financial income)

people on income or job seeker

what does interest of justice test allow

legal representation

what legal aid is provided by the magistrate court

calculates on income

with crown court what yearly wage allows you to qualify for legal aid

below 37500

what legal advice is given by duty solicitors and where

free advice at the police station

what legal advice is given for civil cases and who is it for

free phone advice for family cases

what is an alternative option for private funding

legal insurance

what is a conditional fee arrangement

where individual share the risk of the case with lawyer by agreeing a fee

what is delegated legislation

law made by someone other than parliament

what does enabling acts do

create framework of law which allows delegated legislation to make detailed laws