prep II exam: misc

Renal adjust

dabigatran, enoxaparin, digoxin, atenolol

Hepatic metabolism

statins, warfarin, metoprolol

Avoid in liver disease

statins, amiodarone

Best in renal impairment

apixaban, warfarin, furosemide

Ineffective in renal failure

thiazides

ACE inhibitors ADR

cough hyperkalemia angioedema

ARBs ADR

hyperkalemia no cough

beta blockers ADR

bradycardia fatigue masks hypoglycemia

dihydropyridine CCBs ADR

peripheral edema

non-DHP CCBs ADR

bradycardia constipation

loop diuretics ADR

hypokalemia dehydration ototoxicity

thiazide diuretics ADR

hyponatremia hypokalemia hypercalcemia

potassium-sparing diuretics ADR

hyperkalemia gynecomastia

statins ADR

myopathy elevated LFTs

fibrates ADR

myopathy gallstones

anticoagulants ADR

bleeding

antiplatelets ADR

bleeding

nitrates ADR

headache hypotension

inhaled corticosteroids ADR

oral candidiasis

short-acting beta agonists ADR

tachycardia tremor

drugs cause hyperkalemia

ACE inhibitors ARBs spironolactone triamterene

drugs cause hypokalemia

loop diuretics thiazides

drugs cause hyponatremia

thiazides loop diuretics

drugs cause hypercalcemia

thiazides

drugs cause hypocalcemia

loop diuretics

drug is teratogenic and requires INR monitoring

warfarin

drug causes pulmonary fibrosis thyroid liver toxicity

amiodarone

which lipid drugs can cause rhabdomyolysis

statins

which asthma drug has neuropsychiatric warning

montelukast

which antiplatelet causes dyspnea

ticagrelor

which drug causes visual changes and arrhythmias in toxicity

digoxin

which drugs are contraindicated in pregnancy

ACE inhibitors ARBs statins warfarin

which beta blocker should be avoided in asthma

propranolol

which CCBs are contraindicated in HFrEF

verapamil diltiazem

which drugs cannot be used with PDE-5 inhibitors

nitrates

which antiplatelet is contraindicated in stroke history

prasugrel

which drug is sublingual for acute angina

nitroglycerin

which drug is a rescue inhaler for asthma

albuterol

which inhaler capsule should not be swallowed

tiotropium

which combo inhaler is used for rescue

ipratropium albuterol

which inhalers are maintenance therapy

ICS LABA combinations

which drug must remain in original container due to moisture

dabigatran

which drugs are commonly flagged in Beers criteria

clonidine digoxin alpha blockers

which antihypertensive causes CNS effects and orthostasis in elderly

clonidine

which cardiac drug should not exceed 0.125 mg in elderly

digoxin

which diuretic increases hyperkalemia risk in elderly

spironolactone

which BPH drugs increase fall risk in elderly

doxazosin terazosin

which antiarrhythmic should be avoided first-line in elderly

amiodarone

what happens if beta blockers are stopped abruptly

rebound tachycardia

what important masking effect do beta blockers have

mask hypoglycemia

which drugs are renal protective in diabetes

ACE inhibitors ARBs

which CCBs affect AV node conduction

verapamil diltiazem

which CCBs cause peripheral edema

amlodipine nifedipine

why must nitrates have a drug-free interval

prevent tolerance

which antianginal does not affect HR or BP

ranolazine

why should LABAs not be used alone

increased asthma mortality risk

what must patients do after ICS use

rinse mouth

what is a key advantage of DOACs over warfarin

no INR monitoring

which beta blocker cannot be crushed due to ER formulation

metoprolol succinate

which CCB cannot be crushed due to ER formulation

nifedipine ER

which CCB ER cannot be crushed

diltiazem ER

which antianginal cannot be crushed

ranolazine

which nitrate ER cannot be crushed

isosorbide mononitrate

which anticoagulant capsule must not be opened

dabigatran

which DOAC is safest in renal impairment

apixaban

which DOAC must be taken with food at higher doses

rivaroxaban

which anticoagulant is safest in ESRD

warfarin

which diuretic works even in renal failure

furosemide

which diuretics are ineffective when CrCl <30

thiazides

which beta blocker is preferred in heart failure

metoprolol succinate carvedilol

which ARNI improves mortality in heart failure

sacubitril valsartan

which lipid drug causes flushing and can be reduced with aspirin

niacin

which antihypertensive causes drug-induced lupus

hydralazine

which antiarrhythmic has extremely long half-life

amiodarone

which antiplatelet is a prodrug requiring activation

clopidogrel

which ARB requires hepatic activation

losartan

which nitrate is used for prevention not acute relief

isosorbide mononitrate

which statins have highest interaction risk via CYP3A4

simvastatin atorvastatin

which statin has least CYP metabolism

rosuvastatin

which beta blocker is nonselective

propranolol

which drug combination increases myopathy risk

statin plus fibrate

which inhaler type is first-line for acute asthma attack

albuterol SABA

which asthma drug blocks leukotrienes

montelukast