Karyotypes/Chromosomal Mutations

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9 Terms

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Karyotype:

A picture of all chromosomes in a cell.

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Autosomes

Chromosomes 1–22. They control most traits.

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Sex Chromosomes

  • The 23rd pair, which determines gender (XX or XY).

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Deletion:

A piece of the chromosome is lost.

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Duplication:

A part of the chromosome is duplicated (appears twice).

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Inversion:

A piece of the chromosome is flipped upside down.

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Translocation:

A piece of one chromosome is attached to another chromosome.

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Non-disjunction:

Chromosomes fail to separate properly during cell division

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Insertion:

A piece of DNA is added to a chromosome.