Air Transportation Industry Regulations Exam III

State the definition of a regulation

A regulation is "a rule, an ordinance or law... to control, direct, or govern, according to a rule, principle or system."

List the five main areas of aviation regulation (in hierarchical order).

Safety, Economics, Environment, Consumer Protection, Industry Promotion

Safety regulation has focused on the safety of both persons who are flying and persons on the ground dating back to the ________ _________________ _________ ____ ___________, which regulated both airmen and aircraft, and established lighted airways for flight safety purposes.

Air Commerce Act of 1926

Safety regulation covers __________ _____________, ____________ __________, and _____________ _________________

airspace utilization, aircraft operations, airport development

Economic regulation pertains to government control over air carrier business practices, such as fares and market entry, which was phased out by the _________________ _________________ _____ of ________

Airline Deregulation Act of 1978

Ensuring "__________ ______________ _____ ___________" is central to the economic regulation of air carriers, which now operate in an environment governed by free market principles.

public convenience and necessity

______________ ____________ aims to protect both human and natural environments by regulating aircraft noise and emission and airport activity that impact the environment

Environmental regulation

In what two ways does consumer protection regulations benefit the flying public directly and indirectly?

1. Protecting passengers from abuse and potential abuse of their rights and assets

2. Providing for the compensation of passengers for unacceptable inconveniences such as passenger overbooking of flights, damage and loss of passenger property.

Promotion of aviation by air carriers and private entities is regulated by the US government, which promotes aviation through...

-funding multiple programs

-subsidizing essential air service program

-financing airport development, planning and aeronautical research

List the three major sources of aviation regulation

Government, Industry, The Marketplace

List and describe the three functions of government sources of aviation regulation.

Federal, State, Local

Federal

-Flight safety regulation

-Accident investigation and safety rules

State

-Pilot and aircraft registration

-Airport environmental regulation

Local

-Individual airport noise rules

-Airport tenant rules and contracts

_______________ regulation of aviation chiefly takes the form of self-regulation. Commonest forms of self-regulation are:

Industry

-Employee contracts, agreements

-Standards and Procedures Manuals

-Trade associations (AAAE, A4A, ACI, NBAA, etc,)

-Professional guidelines

-Academic Programs

-Standards for Members

The marketplace regulates through...

-Free market forces

-Capital markets

-Demand and Supply

-Growth or Extinction

-Insurance Requirements

-Insurance criteria and terms

The initial regulatory framework for aviation in the US was established by the.... (List the two Acts)

-Contract Airmail Act of 1925 (Kelly act)

-Air Commerce Act of 1926

The Air Commerce Act of 1926 established the national government's oversight role in aviation primarily on the basis of the "___________ ________" of the U.S. Constitution

Commerce Clause

The commerce clause describes an enumerated power listed in the United States Constitution, which states that the United States Congress shall have power "To regulate Commerce with __________ __________, and __________ _______ __________ _________, and with the _____________ ___________

foreign nations, among the several states, Indian tribes

What is Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of the Constitution?

"Commerce Clause"

The main tenets of the Air Commerce Act of 1926 achieved the following:

1. Established safety regulations and charged the national government with the maintenance and operation of the airways

2. Provided for accident investigation

3. Promoted aeronautical research

The establishment of safety regulation comprised:

-Registration of aircraft, airmen, and air navigation facilities

-Establishment of air traffic rules for airmen

The passage of the Air Commerce Act of 1926 was affected and impeded by the following concerns:

1. State's rights

2. Authority over airspace

3. Cost and effectiveness of dispatching federal safety inspectors to certify airmen and aircraft

4. Limits of federal intrusion into the lives of private citizens

List the FAA's major regulatory functions:

1. Safety

-Regulating and promoting aviation safety

2. Air Traffic Control and air navigation

-Control of the use of navigable airspace

-Regulation of civil and military operations in

navigable airspace in the interest of safety and

efficiency

3. Airports

-Certification of airports serving air carriers under

FAR Part 139

-Funding airport construction and airway facilities to

promote aviation

4. Aviation policy and international aviation

-Establishing policies on airspace use, energy,

environment, managing international partnership

to ensure compliance with FAA airworthiness

standards.

The Federal Aviation Administration regulates aviation safety through the issuance of _______________ that demonstrate compliance with Federal Aviation Regulations.

certificates

The main regulatory certificates include: (List and Describe)

1.Airmen Certificates

2.Aircraft Certificates

3.Air Carrier Operating Certificate

4.Air Navigation Facility Certificate

5.Air Agency Rating Certificate

6.Airport Operating Certificate

The Federal Aviation Act of 1958 directed the FAA Administrator to encourage the development of civil aeronautics abroad. This directive resulted in the following main activities by the FAA:

1. Rulemaking

2. Supporting Export Activities

3. Providing Technical Assistance to Foreign Governments

4. Negotiation Bilateral and Multilateral Airworthiness Agreements

5. Playing a Leading Role in the Int'l Civil Aviation Organization

6. Provides War Risk Insurance

List Other Federal Regulators in aviation:

Department of Agriculture

Department of Commerce

Department of Energy

Department of Justice

Department of Labor

Department of Treasury

Commission on Civil Rights

Environment Protection Agency

Federal Communications Commission

Securities and Trade Commission (Stocks and Bonds)

United States Postal Service

State regulation of aviation __________ national regulation of aviation

preceded

________________ passed the first state law to govern aeronautics in 1911

Connecticut

In ________ Oregon established the first state aeronautics agency

1921

States are primarily involved in:

-Promoting air carrier service

-Owning, operating, and maintaining airports

-Conducting airport, airspace, and air service studies

-Providing financial and technical assistance to airports

-Offering aviation education programs for pilots, aircraft owners, airport mangers, and the general public

Local regulators of aviation comprise association or local and municipal governments below the state level, such as:

Regional Councils of Government (COGS)

Regional Planning Agencies

Counties, Cities, Towns

Airport Authorities and

Special Districts

Local regulation of aviation comprise:

Tenant agreements and obligations

Aircraft operating rules / traffic patterns

Airport noise and environmentally related rules

Zoning / compatible land use development ordinances

Parking, Public conduct, Emergency, Safety and Security, Miscellaneous (liability limits, smoking areas, etc.)