SS chapter 14

How did the harsh desert climate affect the early Arabs that lived there?

The desert forced them to form tribes

Muslim tradition says that Muhammad began preaching:

After hearing a voice.

Islam teaches the Christians and Jews:

believe in one God and follow sacred writings.

In Muslim Spain the Jewish community in Cordoba:

lived in piece and prospered

Merchants were well respected in Muslim culture because they:

created wealth and were skilled in business practices.

Arabic numbers that were passed on to Europeans by Persian and Arab scholars were actually borrowed from which culture?

Hinduism

Define Bedouin:

Desert herders and nomads who traditionally depended on camel herding and trading.

Define Muslims:

Followers of Muhammad

Define Umayyads:

Caliphs who governed the Arab Empire from Damascus

Define Sunnis:

A group that believe Umayyad Caliphs should rule.

Define Shia:

Followers of Muhammad that believed his son-in-law should rule

Describe the geography of the Arabian Peninsula:

Desert

What guidelines does the Quran provide to Muslims?

The rituals of daily life and to treat others fairly.

Define Sufis:

Followers of Islam

What does the term Arab mean?

Speaker of Arabic

Where do most Muslims live?

Most Muslims live in the countryside, avoiding cities.

Why was the Kaaba important to early Muslims?

A large stone in the Kaaba came from heaven and was believed to be a sacred site, serving as a focal point for Muslim pilgrimage and prayer.

Why was there a split in the Muslim world after Muhammad’s death?

The split in the Muslim world after Muhammad's death was primarily due to disagreements over leadership succession, leading to the division between Sunni (Umayyad Claliph Rule) and Shia (Mohammad’s son-in-law rule) factions.