Ch. 13 Islam

The Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca is known as the

a. hajj.

b. hijra.

c. gadis.

d. sharia.

e. jizya.

a

The term Islam means

a. "Allah is great."

b. "devotion to the rule of life."

c. "submission."

d. "Allah desires for you what is easy, not what is hard."

e. "the one god."

c

The phrase, "one who has submitted," is the meaning of the term

a. Jain.

b. Christian.

c. Hindu.

d. Buddhist.

e. Muslim.

e

The phrase dar al-Islam means

a. "victory of god."

b. "conquest of Islam."

c. "warrior of Islam."

d. "missionary of the divine faith."

e. "house of Islam."

e

In 595, Muhammad married a wealthy widow named

a. Ibn Rushd.

b. Khadija.

c. Sufi.

d. Sharia.

e. Hadith.

b

The Quran

a. is the holy book of Islam.

b. were the priests who watched over the Ka'ba.

c. was Muhammad's journey to Yathrib.

d. is the law code of Islam.

e. were Islamic scholarly bureaucrats.

a

The turning point in the rise of Islam was

a. Muhammad's pilgrimage to Istanbul.

b. the rise of the Umayyad dynasty.

c. the conquest of Egypt.

d. the hijra.

e. Muhammad's conversion to Christianity.

d

The Islamic holy law was known as the

a. umma.

b. sharia.

c. ulama.

d. gadis.

e. hijra.

b

No religious leader could follow Muhammad, so political authority rested in the position of the

a. ulama.

b. caliph.

c. hajj.

d. sultan.

e. shia.

b

After the death of Muhammad, political leadership fell to a caliph by the name of

a. Abu Bakr.

b. Ali.

c. Abu al-Abbas.

d. Harun al-Rashid.

e. Khadija.

a

The Shia believed that

a. the Umayyad dynasty were the only legitimate rulers.

b. the caliphate should follow the line of Ali.

c. that Allah was the main, but not necessarily the only, god.

d. leadership in the Islamic world could fall to any true believer.

e. a different and more pure version of the Quran exists.

b

The main split inside Islam was between Sunni and

a. Ulama.

b. Gadis.

c. Shia.

d. Umayyads.

e. Sufis.

c

After the assassination of Ali, power fell to

a. the Umayyad dynasty.

b. the Saljuq Turks.

c. the Abbasid dynasty.

d. the Byzantine Empire.

e. the Roman Empire.

a

The victorious Arabic armies of the Umayyad dynasty

a. forced the conquered peoples to convert to Islam.

b. allowed the conquered peoples to practice their own religions.

c. opened up positions of authority to non-Muslims.

d. restricted the jizya to practicing Muslims.

e. forced everyone to convert from Sunni to Shia.

b

The Umayyad insisted that conquered people pay a special head tax if they did not convert to Islam. This head tax was called the

a. sakk.

b. ulama.

c. hajj.

d. shia.

e. jizya.

e

The founder of the Abbasid dynasty was

a. Harun al-Rashid.

b. Ali.

c. Abu al-Abbas.

d. al-Ghazali.

e. Muhammad.

c

The Abbasid dynasty differed from the Umayyad dynasty in that

a. it was not a conquering dynasty.

b. it was much less cosmopolitan than its predecessor was.

c. it conquered a much larger territory than its predecessor did.

d. it stressed the Shia sect of Islam.

e. it stressed the Shia sect of Islam and it was much less cosmopolitan than its predecessor was.

a

The capital of the Abbasid Empire was

a. Damascus.

b. Istanbul.

c. Mecca.

d. Cordoba.

e. Baghdad.

e

The word ulama refers to

a. "the house of Islam."

b. "holy war."

c. "people with religious knowledge."

d. "the community of Allah."

e. "the one god."

c

During the last two hundred years of the Abbasid Empire, it fell under the control of the

a. Byzantine Empire.

b. Ottoman Turkish Empire.

c. Sasanids.

d. Saljuq Turks.

e. Holy Roman Empire.

d

The Abbasid dynasty finally came to an end in 1258, when it was overrun by the

a. Mongols.

b. Ottoman Turks.

c. Saljuq Turks.

d. Byzantines.

e. French.

a

What new industry, transmitted to the Islamic world from China, was introduced during the Abbasid period?

a. steel production

b. paper manufacture

c. bronze production

d. textile production

e. iron production

b

Caravanserais were

a. Islamic thinkers who stressed a more emotional connection to Allah.

b. Islamic officials.

c. inns offering food and lodging for traveling merchants.

d. heretical Muslims who practiced polytheism.

e. Arabic warriors.

c

Islamic banks honored letters of credit, which could be drawn on the parent bank, known as

a. sakk.

b. gadis.

c. ka'ba.

d. sufis.

e. sunnis.

a

The Quran, following the example of Muhammad, allowed men to have up to how many wives?

a. one

b. two

c. four

d. seven

e. ten

c

How did the conquest of Mesopotamia and Persia influence the role of women in the Islamic world?

a. Female infanticide was declared illegal.

b. Islamic society became much less patriarchal.

c. Polygamy was outlawed.

d. Islamic society became more patriarchal.

e. A fertility goddess rose to challenge Allah.

d

In an effort to recruit learned students, Islamic leaders often financially supported institutions of higher learning called

a. madrasas.

b. sufis.

c. dar al-Islam.

d. umma.

e. qadis.

a

The Sufis believed

a. in reconciling the spiritual and rational worlds.

b. that they, and not the Umayyads, were the legitimate rulers of the Islamic world.

c. in an emotional and mystical union with Allah.

d. that the leadership of the Islamic world had to pass through the line of Ali.

e. in a strictly logical and rational definition of the divine.

c

The Persian influence on Islam is best seen in

a. treatises on mathematics.

b. works calling for greater equality for women.

c. literary works.

d. mythology.

e. the fact that the Quran was written in Persian.

c

The other name for the collection of stories known as The Arabian Nights is

a. the Rubaiyat.

b. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

c. The Thousand and One Nights.

d. the Quran.

e. The Narrow Road to the Deep North.

c

The main Indian influence on Islamic thought was in the field of

a. mathematics.

b. mythology.

c. poetry.

d. history.

e. architecture.

a

Arabic numbers actually had their origin in

a. India.

b. China.

c. Persia.

d. Egypt.

e. Arabia.

a

From which region did the Muslims adopt their numerals?

a. Persia

b. Greece

c. India

d. Arabia

e. Egypt

c

The Islamic thinker who studied Aristotle and whose thought, in turn, influenced the rise of European scholasticism was

a. Omar Khayyam.

b. Ibn Rushd.

c. Ali.

d. al-Ghazali.

e. Ibn Khaldun.

b

The main influence on the thought of Ibn Rushd was

a. Muhammad.

b. Confucius.

c. Abu al-Abbas.

d. Aristotle.

e. Hippocrates.

d

True or False:

Muhammad came to refer to himself as the "seal of the prophets."

True

True or False:

The veiling of women originated in the Islamic culture.

False