English & Social Sciences - Flashcards from Video Notes

A comprehensive set of vocabulary-style flashcards drawn from the lecture notes, covering ICT laws, business environment theory, Philippine history, Afro-Asian literature concepts, EQ and wellness, Southeast Asian music and arts, physical education terms, sexuality and gender concepts, physics of motion, digestive and excretory systems, genetics and molecular biology, and world religions.

DICT Act (RA 10844)

Philippines' Department of Information and Communications Technology established to oversee the ICT agenda and development.

Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 (RA 10627)

Law that prevents and addresses bullying in schools, including cyberbullying, verbal, physical, and social bullying.

Data Privacy Act of 2012 (RA 10173)

Law that protects personal information; established the National Privacy Commission (NPC) to guard against misuse, unauthorized access, and breaches.

Intellectual Property Code (RA 8293)

Philippine law that protects copyrights, patents, trademarks, and industrial designs; IPOPHIL administers these protections; personal data is excluded.

Intellectual Property

Rights protecting original creations of the mind (art, inventions, designs, trademarks, books) with oversight by WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization).

Plagiarism

Fraudulent act of presenting someone else’s work as your own without credit.

Copyright Infringement

Using copyrighted material without permission, even if credited.

Bullying

Aggressive behavior that is physical, verbal, social exclusion, or threats.

Cyberbullying

Bullying carried out through technology (text, chat, social media, etc.).

Internal Environment

In business, refers to factors inside the company such as culture, employees, management, and resources; controllable.

PESTLE Analysis

Macro-environment framework assessing Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental factors (external to the organization).

Micro Environment

Factors close to the business such as customers, suppliers, competitors, and stakeholders; partially controllable.

SWOT Analysis

Assessment of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats facing an organization.

Scenario Planning

Strategy to prepare for possible future situations by exploring multiple plausible futures.

Environmental Scanning

Systematic study of trends and changes in the business environment.

Monopoly

Market structure with a single seller dominating the entire market.

Oligopoly

Market structure with a few large sellers that dominate.

Monopolistic Competition

Market with many sellers offering slightly differentiated products.

Perfect Competition

Market with many sellers offering identical products.

Kilusang Propaganda

Intellectual movement aiming to expose Spanish abuses and push for reforms in the Philippines.

Katipunan

Secret revolutionary society (founded 1892 by Andres Bonifacio) whose goal was Philippine independence.

Pangunahing layunin of Katipunan

To liberate the Philippines from Spain.

Kartilya ng Katipunan

A primer written by Emilio Jacinto teaching patriotism, equality, and mutual help.

Noli Me Tangere

Rizal’s novel exposing social ills under Spanish rule.

El Filibusterismo

Rizal’s more radical sequel to Noli Me Tangere.

La Indolencia de los Filipinos

Rizal essay arguing laziness is caused by climate and colonial system, not inherent.

GOMBURZA

Priests Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora; executed in 1872, symbolizing Filipino reformist movement.

Emilio Jacinto

Utakan (front-line) Katipunan member; author of Kartilya ng Katipunan.

Andres Bonifacio

Founder of the Katipunan; often called the Father of the Philippine Revolution.

Jose Rizal

National hero; author of Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo; wrote La Indolencia de los Filipinos.

Andres Bonifacio

Leader of the Katipunan; Supremo who organized revolutionary movement.

Polo y Servicios

Forced labor required during Spanish colonial era.

Diksyon

Filipino term for diction; study of word choice and language style (formal, colloquial, etc.).

Sanaysay

Essay; a formal or semi-formal prose composition.

Pormal

Formal style of writing; logical, objective with elevated language.

Di-pormal

Informal style of writing; casual and conversational.

Kohesyong Gramatika

Cohesion in grammar; how ideas are linked within a text.

Ants (symbol)

Symbolize hard work and humility.

Bees (symbol)

Symbolize discipline, teamwork, and communal living.

Solidarity

Value of unity and mutual support within a group.

Interconnectedness

Idea that people, communities, and nature affect each other.

Why We See Ants Carrying Bundles as Big as Themselves

West African folktale teaching humility, teamwork, and unity.

Protagonist

Main character in a story.

Antagonist

Character who opposes the protagonist.

Major character

Character important to the plot.

Minor character

Character who supports the plot or theme.

Static character

Character who does not change.

Dynamic character

Character who changes throughout the story.

First-person POV

Narrator uses I, me, my.

Second-person POV

Narrator addresses the reader as 'you'.

Third-person Limited POV

Narrator knows thoughts of one character only.

Third-person Omniscient POV

Narrator knows thoughts of all characters.

Objective POV

Narrator reports only actions/events; no inner thoughts.

Tone

Writer’s attitude toward the subject.

Mood

Emotional effect on the reader.

Foreshadowing

Hints about future events in a story.

Flashback

A return to past events within a story.

Symbolism

Use of symbols to represent deeper meanings.

Organic Unity

All elements of a text work together toward a single theme.

Emotional Quotient (EQ)

Ability to recognize, understand, and manage one’s own and others’ emotions.

Self-awareness

Recognizing and understanding one’s own emotions.

Interpersonal wellness

Ability to interact with others and understand their feelings.

Intrapersonal wellness

Awareness and understanding of one’s own emotions.

Empathy

Ability to understand and share others’ feelings.

Pag-asam (Hope)

Emotional anticipation or looking forward to the future.

Pagkalungkot (Sadness)

Feeling of sorrow or unhappiness.

Pagkagalak (Joy)

Feeling of happiness or delight.

Pagkamuhi (Disgust/strong dislike)

Strong aversion or repulsion.

Pamilya (Family)

Primary source of moral teaching and support.

Kamalayan sa sarili (Self-awareness)

Recognition and understanding of one’s own emotions.

Emotional regulation

Managing and modulating one’s emotions in healthy ways.

Empathy (Tagalog concept)

Ability to understand and share the feelings of others.

Nusantara (in music)

Indonesian identity expressed through music; concept of archipelagic unity.

Bhinneka Tunggal Ika

Indonesian national motto meaning Unity in Diversity.

Slendro

One of two tonal systems in Indonesian gamelan; pentatonic scale.

Pelog

Seven-note tonal system used in Indonesian gamelan.

Gamelan

Traditional Indonesian ensemble of percussive and melodic instruments.

Guzheng

Chinese 21-string plucked zither.

Mando-pop

Mandarin pop music popular in the 1970s.

Canto-pop

Popular Chinese pop music originating in Hong Kong.

Hokkien pop

Taiwanese/Chinese-language pop music.

Emerging arts

New and rising artists creating contemporary works.

Abstract painting

Art using forms, shapes, colors; not realistic.

Abstract Expressionism

Art movement focusing on energy and movement.

Integrative arts

Art form combining classical and modern styles.

Animation

Technique that makes static images appear to move.

Motion graphics

Animation using modern digital tools.

Physical Activity

Any bodily movement that requires energy.

Vigorous activity

High-energy physical activity.

Cardiovascular endurance

Heart and lung endurance during prolonged activity.

Flexibility

Ability to move joints and muscles through a full range of motion.

Muscle strength

Maximal force muscles can produce.

Agility

Ability to move quickly and change direction efficiently.

Speed

How fast you can move from one place to another.

Balance

Stability while standing or moving.

Muscle endurance

Muscles’ ability to perform without tiring.

Reaction time

How quickly you respond to a stimulus.

Human sexuality

how feelings, thoughts, and behaviors related to sexuality are expressed and experienced.

Positive sexuality

Feeling worthy of love, acceptance, and understanding.

Sex

Biological characteristics (male/female) and reproductive organs.