Quiz 2 Pt 2 LOGOS

Mythos

Supernatural explanations (e.g., “Zeus causes lightning”).

• Logos:

• Rational explanations based on critical thought, argument, and observation.

Definition of Logos

• Ancient Greek term meaning reason, word, or rational order.

• Represents the rational structure of the universe and the capacity for reason within humans.

•Heraclitus on logos

“Logos is common to all.” (The One and the Many)

•In philosophy on Logos

→ grounding principle of rationality

•In rhetoric → Logos is

persuasive speech.

•Heraclitus on Logos

“Listen not to me but to the Logos, it is wise to agree that all things are one.”                  --Heraclitus

Socrates on Logos

The Socratic method (elenchus) is about following logos (reasoned argument) wherever it leads.

Plato on Logos

Logos = rational discourse that helps us rise above opinion (doxa) toward truth (aletheia).

Aristotle on Logos

the good life = life according to reason (logos).

Stoics on Logos

virtue = living according to universal logos (reason/nature).

•Philo & Christians on Logos

Logos as divine reason guiding human life.

• Logos =

• rational order that structures reality

• To live well is to live according to logos (reason, nature, or divine order).

• Logic helps us rise above opinion and avoid flawed reasoning (fallacies).

All is Number=

All is Logos