Semester 1 Vocab

consolation

something that provides comfort in a time of grief or loss

glimmer

a subtle or faint perception, a dim glow

heinous

shockingly bad or evil

indispensable

absolutely necessary, essential

perception

mental or physical awareness or understanding

phobic

having a specific fear or aversion

sarcastic

using sharp and ironic words meant to insult, hurt, or make fun of someone

threshold

a point of entry or crossing

adversity

a condition of misfortune that is often out of a person's control

alliance

an agreement between two or more people, groups, or countries to work together toward a common goal

confinement

state of being limited, restricted, or kept in a place

inflicted

caused harm or damage; imposed upon

reminisce

to remember and talk about something that happened in the past

retrieved

recovered, regained

smuggle

brought into or out of secretly or illegally without permission

spindly

oddly tall or long and thing, usually weak

classification

the act of sorting things into groups or classes

compartment

a separate division or section

engulfs

swallows up or covers completely

flanked

to be found at the side of something

maneuvering

moving or guiding skillfully or cleverly

obscure

to hide, to make hard to see or understand

species

a group of related living things with very similar characteristics

submerged

underwater or covered with a liquid, beneath the surface

cascaded

flowed down like a waterfall

documentation work that proves or provides information about a claim

dynamic

having or showing a lot of energy, active, forceful

exerts

put energy or power into doing something

plummeting

falling at a fast rate of speed

pulverize

to crush, grind, or pound

scalding

extremely hot or boiling, capable of burning

shards

sharp, often pointed fragments

available

ready for use or service

basically

in a simple way or manner

factors

things that contribute to a result

fluctuate

to shift back and forth in an uncertain way

formula

a set of rules or methods for doing something

inventory

amount of goods and products that are available

manufactured

made or processed, usually in quantity and with machinery

salaries

the fixed amount of money workers earn for doing a job

artifact

a human-made object, usually from a particular period in history

communal

something shared by a group

derived

traced or coming from a source; originated

inscription

something that is written, engraved, carved, or painted as a lasting record

millennium

a period of 1,000 years

stationery

papers, envelopes, or other materials used for writing

utilize

to make use of

yields

the amounts or quantities of something produced or grown, such as crops

speculation

deep thought or reflection, wonderment

aspiring

trying strongly to accomplish or achieve a goal

foundation

the basis on which something is developed

preceded

went before or ahead of

principal

the most important part; greatest

promote

to help in doing something, such as growing; progress

restrict

limit or confine

withstood

to have resisted or held out against

exotic

foreign, strange, unusual

alcove

a small space or room that opens out from a main area

commerce

the buying and selling of goods, trade, business

domestic

related to home, family, or country

fluent

effortless, with smoothness and ease

stifling

suffocating or extremely close

upheaval

a major or sudden change that often creates problems or distress

utmost

the greatest or highest degree or amount

eaves

the lower overhanging edges of a roof

benefit

advantage or gift; something that helps a person

deftly

done in a skillful, quick, and clever way

derision

ridicule or a lack of respect

expertise

mastery of a skill or craft

impudence

behavior that is rude, bold, or disrespectful

legacy

something handed down from the past

symmetry

a balanced grouping of parts on either side of a like or around a center; beauty of form

forlorn

lonely and sad, as if forsaken or forgotten

commemorate

to honor or maintain the memory of; celebrate

contemplate

to think about something seriously for a long time

majestic

grand and impressive; a lofty, imposing aspect of style

lyric poetry

a songlike quality and expresses the speaker's thoughts and feelings

sonnet

a 14-line poem that expresses a single, complete thought

rhyme scheme

the pattern of rhymes at the end of lines in a poem

meter

the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a poem

fallow

unused but capable of yielding crops

capacity

the maximum amount or number that can be received or held

enthralled

held the attention and interest of someone completely

insight

special understanding about something

negotiate

to deal with or make a bargain, to bring about a settlement

regulation

required; meeting stated standards or guidelines

resemblance

a similarity that is easy to see

unseemly

inappropriate or improper

dilemma

a hard choice to make between two or more things

feebly

in a manner lacking strength

persistent

continuing firmly and steadily despite challenges

recoiled

fall back suddenly in fear, pressure, or shock; moved away quickly

roused

stirred from sleep or rest; awakened

skewed

took an indirect course

summon

to call upon for a specific action; to ask to come

vastness

very large and great in size

abundant

more than enough, large quantities

impoverished

having few resources or little wealth

ingenuity

cleverness or skillfulness

productivity

the rate at which a person or business makes or does something