Vit and Min 1 (Water soluble vit to Vit B5) P4

[Myer's Cocktail] The intravenous nutrient infusion composed of a combination of Vitamin C, B-complex vitamins, magnesium, and calcium is known as _ _ _ _ _.

Myer's Cocktail

[Myer's Cocktail] Myer's Cocktail is used as a complementary therapy with the intent of supporting:

_ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _

energy metabolism
immune function
neuromuscular health

[Nutrition Labels] The label that displays standardized information on serving size, calorie content, and key nutrients allows consumers to assess the nutritional value of food is the _ _ _ _ _.

Nutrition Facts label

[Vitamin C] The water-soluble antioxidant that maintains vitamin E and many metal cofactors in the reduced state is _ _ _ _ _.

Vitamin C

[Vitamin C] The Static Measurements for Vitamin C are:

• * * _ _ _ _ _

Serum ascorbic acid
Leukocyte ascorbic acid
Urinary excretion of ascorbic acid

[Vitamin C] The Functional Measurement for Vitamin C is _ _ _ _ _.

None Commonly used

[Vitamin C] The three main roles of Vitamin C are:

• * * _ _ _ _ _

Antioxidant
Coenzyme (in hydroxylation reactions)
Reducing agent

[Vitamin C: Enzymes] The copper-containing enzyme involved in the synthesis of catecholamines is _ _ _ _ _.

Dopamine Beta-hydroxylase

[Vitamin C: Enzymes] The iron-containing enzymes required for the postsynthetic modification of procollagen to collagen are _ _ _ _ _.

Proline & lysine hydroxylases

[Vitamin C: Enzymes] The enzyme required in osteocalcin formation & the C1q component of complement is _ _ _ _ _.

Proline hydroxylase

[Vitamin C: Enzymes] The enzyme required for the synthesis of the precursor of Protein C is _ _ _ _ _.

Aspartate hydroxylase

[Vitamin C: Enzymes] The enzymes required for the synthesis of carnitine are _ _ _ _ _.

Trimethyllysine & gamma butyrobetaine hydroxylases

[Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)] The Static Measurements for Vitamin B1 include:

• * * _ _ _ _ _

Erythrocyte or whole blood thiamine
Urinary excretion of thiamine
Thiamine load test

[Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)] The Functional Measurement for Vitamin B1 is the _ _ _ _ _.

Erythrocyte transketolase activity coefficient

[Thiamine Diphosphate] Thiamine Diphosphate serves as a coenzyme for decarboxylation reactions for these three enzymes:

• * * _ _ _ _ _

Pyruvate dehydrogenase
Alpha-keto glutarate dehydrogenase
Branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase

[Thiamine Diphosphate] Branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase is involved in the metabolism of these three amino acids:

• * * _ _ _ _ _

leucine
isoleucine
valine

[Thiamine Diphosphate] The enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway for which Thiamine Diphosphate acts as a coenzyme is _ _ _ _ _.

transketolase

[Thiamine Deficiency] The condition manifesting as peripheral neuritis due to thiamine deficiency is _ _ _ _ _.

Beriberi

[Thiamine Deficiency] The rapid form of heart failure caused by thiamine deficiency is known as _ _ _ _ _.

Shoshin beriberi

[Thiamine Deficiency] Thiamine deficiency can lead to the neurological conditions Wernicke encephalopathy & _ _ _ _ _.

Korsakoff psychosis

[Thiamine Deficiency] Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency caused by lack of thiamine leads to _ _ _ _ _.

lactic acidosis

[Vitamin B2] The Static Measurements for Vitamin B2 include:

• * * _ _ _ _ _

Blood riboflavin
Urinary excretion of riboflavin
Riboflavin load test

[Vitamin B2] The Functional Measurement for Vitamin B2 is the _ _ _ _ _.

Erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity coefficient

[Vitamin B2] The active coenzyme forms of Vitamin B2 that participate in many redox reactions are _ _ _ _ _.

FMN & FAD

[Vitamin B2] The clinical features of Vitamin B2 deficiency include:

• * * _ _ _ _ _

cheilosis
desquamation & inflammation of the tongue
seborrheic dermatitis

[Niacin] The Static Measurements for Niacin include:

• * * _ _ _ _ _

Blood niacin
Urinary N-methyl nicotinamide & N-methyl-2-pyridine
Niacin load test

[Niacin] The Functional Measurement for Niacin is _ _ _ _ _.

None

[Niacin] Niacin can be synthesized from the amino acid _ _ _ _ _.

tryptophan

[Niacin] The conversion ratio for synthesis is 60 mg of Tryptophan = _ _ _ _ _ of niacin.

1 mg

[Niacin] NAD & NADH are associated with these dehydrogenases in the CAC (Citric Acid Cycle):

• * * _ _ _ _ _

isocitrate DH
alpha KG DH
malate DH

[Niacin] Nicotinic acid in pharmacologic doses is used to lower _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _.

LDL cholesterol
triglycerides

[Niacin] Nicotinic acid inhibits liver diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2, which is a key enzyme in _ _ _ _ _.

triglyceride synthesis

[Niacin] Nicotinic acid increases HDL cholesterol levels by inhibiting the removal of circulating HDL particles via the _ _ _ _ _.

hepatic Apo AI receptor

[Niacin] A common side effect of Nicotinic acid treatment for hyperlipidemia is _ _ _ _ _.

flushing

[Niacin] Niacinamide is used for topical applications because it inhibits SIRT-1 & increases _ _ _ _ _.

PARP

[Niacin] Niacinamide inhibits NADPH oxidase activity, which leads to decreased _ _ _ _ _.

ROS activity

[Niacin Deficiency] The redness or darkening of the skin of the neck seen in patients with pellagra is known as _ _ _ _ _.

Casal Necklace

[Niacin Deficiency] The 4D's of Pellagra are:

• * * * _ _ _ _ _

photosensitive dermatitis
diarrhea
dementia
death

[Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)] Vitamin B5 acts as a pantheteine functional moiety of _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _.

coenzyme A (CoA)
acyl carrier protein (ACP)

[Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)] Coenzyme A (CoA) takes part in:

• * * * _ _ _ _ _

the citric acid cycle
fatty acid oxidation
acetylations
cholesterol synthesis

[Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)] Acyl carrier protein (ACP) participates in _ _ _ _ _.

fatty acid synthesis

[Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)] The deficiency state of Vitamin B5 (now regarded as controversial) is _ _ _ _ _.

burning foot syndrome /