Topic 15 - Methods of Production

Methods of Production

The different ways a business organises the making of its products based on demand, cost, and product type.

Job Production

A method where one-off, unique products are made individually to meet specific customer requirements.

Batch Production

Producing a group of identical products together, before switching to a different batch.

Flow Production

A continuous process where standardised products are made on a large scale using an assembly line.

Example of Job Production

Custom wedding dress, handmade furniture, made-to-measure suit.

Example of Batch Production

Bakery items, clothing in different sizes/colours, printed flyers.

Example of Flow Production

Coca-Cola bottles, soap powder, cars.

Advantages of Job Production

High quality, Customised products, Motivated, skilled workers, Strong customer satisfaction.

Disadvantages of Job Production

High cost per unit, Slow and labour-intensive, Requires skilled labour.

Advantages of Batch Production

Economies of scale, More flexible than flow, Lower cost per unit than job.

Disadvantages of Batch Production

Downtime between batches, Repetitive work, Requires planning and storage.

Advantages of Flow Production

Very low unit costs, Efficient and fast, Consistent quality, Best for high-volume output.

Disadvantages of Flow Production

High startup cost, Inflexible to changes, Low employee motivation.

When to Use Job Production

When the product is unique, complex, and customer-focused.

When to Use Batch Production

When producing similar items in limited runs (e.g. seasonal clothes).

When to Use Flow Production

When demand is high and the product is standardised.