3.3-4 vocab reading questions

Civics

federalism

a system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central, or national, government and several regional governments, such as States

division of powers

basic principle of federalism; the constitutional provisions by which governmental powers are divided on a geographic basis(in the United States, between the National Government and the State)

delegates powers

those powers, expressed, implied, or inherent, granted to the National Government by the Constitution

expressed powers

those delegated powers of the National Government that are spelled out, expressly, in the Constitution; also called the “enumerated powers”

implied powers

those delegated powers of the National Government that are suggested by the expressed powers set out in the Constitution; those “necessary and proper” to carry out the expressed powers

inherent powers

those powers the Constitution is presumed to have delegated to the National Government because it is the government of a sovereign state within the world community

reserved powers

those powers that the Constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not deny to the States

Exclusive powers

those powers which can be exercised by the National Government alone

Concurrent powers

those powers that both the National Government and the States possess and exercise

Supremacy Clause

a provision of the U.S. Constitution that states that the Constitution, federal law, and treaties of the United States are the “supreme Law of the Land”

John Marshall

(1755-1835) Was the 4th chief justice of the United States Supreme Court. He had strong opinions about the power of the Supreme Court. He had strong opinions about the power of the Supreme Court to interpret the Constitution, and his rulings have had a profound impact on American law to this very day

enabling act

a congressional act directing the people of a United States territory to frame a proposed State Constitution as a step toward admission to the Union

act of admission

congressional act admitting a new State to the Union

grants-in-aid programs

grants of federal money or other resources to States, cities, counties, and other local unites

categorical grants

one type of federal grants-in-aid; made for some specific, closely defined purpose

block grants

one type of federal grants-in-aid for some particular but broadly define area of public policy

project grants

one type of federal grants-in-aid; made for specific projects to States, localities, and private agencies who apply for them

interstate compact

formal agreement entered into with the consent of Congress, between or among States, or between a state and a foreign state

Full Faith and Credit Clause

Constitution’s requirement that each State accept the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other State

Extradition

the legal process by which a fugitive from justice in one State is returned to that State

Privileges and Immunities Clause

Constitution’s stipulation that all citizens are entitled to certain “privileges and immunities,” regardless of their State of residence