Studied by 9 people
federalism
a system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central, or national, government and several regional governments, such as States
division of powers
basic principle of federalism; the constitutional provisions by which governmental powers are divided on a geographic basis(in the United States, between the National Government and the State)
delegates powers
those powers, expressed, implied, or inherent, granted to the National Government by the Constitution
expressed powers
those delegated powers of the National Government that are spelled out, expressly, in the Constitution; also called the “enumerated powers”
implied powers
those delegated powers of the National Government that are suggested by the expressed powers set out in the Constitution; those “necessary and proper” to carry out the expressed powers
inherent powers
those powers the Constitution is presumed to have delegated to the National Government because it is the government of a sovereign state within the world community
reserved powers
those powers that the Constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not deny to the States
Exclusive powers
those powers which can be exercised by the National Government alone
Concurrent powers
those powers that both the National Government and the States possess and exercise
Supremacy Clause
a provision of the U.S. Constitution that states that the Constitution, federal law, and treaties of the United States are the “supreme Law of the Land”
John Marshall
(1755-1835) Was the 4th chief justice of the United States Supreme Court. He had strong opinions about the power of the Supreme Court. He had strong opinions about the power of the Supreme Court to interpret the Constitution, and his rulings have had a profound impact on American law to this very day
enabling act
a congressional act directing the people of a United States territory to frame a proposed State Constitution as a step toward admission to the Union
act of admission
congressional act admitting a new State to the Union
grants-in-aid programs
grants of federal money or other resources to States, cities, counties, and other local unites
categorical grants
one type of federal grants-in-aid; made for some specific, closely defined purpose
block grants
one type of federal grants-in-aid for some particular but broadly define area of public policy
project grants
one type of federal grants-in-aid; made for specific projects to States, localities, and private agencies who apply for them
interstate compact
formal agreement entered into with the consent of Congress, between or among States, or between a state and a foreign state
Full Faith and Credit Clause
Constitution’s requirement that each State accept the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other State
Extradition
the legal process by which a fugitive from justice in one State is returned to that State
Privileges and Immunities Clause
Constitution’s stipulation that all citizens are entitled to certain “privileges and immunities,” regardless of their State of residence
