UK Migration Trends and Policies Post-Brexit and opportunities and challenges created

What was the net migration to the UK in 2022?

606,000

What were the numbers of people migrating into and out of the UK in 2022?

1.2 million in, 557,000 out

What percentage of the UK population is foreign-born?

14.8%

Which country had the highest number of migrants to the UK in 2022?

India, with 896,000 migrants.

What significant migration policy ended in 2020 due to Brexit?

EU Freedom of Movement.

What is the points-based system introduced for non-EU migrants in 2021?

A system requiring 70 points, with points awarded for job offer, English language proficiency, salary, and qualifications.

How many points are awarded for having a job offer and English language proficiency under the new system?

50 points.

What additional points can be earned under the new points-based system?

20 points for a salary of £26,000 or more, and extra points for a PhD/STEM qualification or a job shortage.

What are some cultural links between the UK and the EU?

Language, food, and customs.

What challenges have arisen for migration post-Brexit?

Increased paperwork and visa requirements, but movement is still possible.

what was the migrants net fiscal contribution

£5.2 billion, paying 3% more into the system than they took out

how much did EU migrants contribute to in income tax

£15 billion more in income tax, than they claimed benefits

number of migrants that claim unemployment benefits

only 1% compared to 4% uk nationals

how many migrants set up their own business and what does this create

17.2% which then they spend their income creating the trickle down effect

how much do foreign students contribute to the economy per year

£8 billion

how do migrants fill the skills gap

having the low skilled jobs and 37% migrants have a degree

how much is immigration responsible for the population growth between 2001-2020

60% of uk population growth

percentage of migrants who were working age

70%

percentage of migrants who work in health (NHS)

36% of GP's and 10% nurses are foreign born

what was the net fiscal cost of migrants in 2016/17

£14 billion

how much money was sent out of uk in 2017

£1.9 billion

how does immigration affect unemployment

every 100 non eu migrant caused a job loss of 23 jobs

number of children born in uk with a foreign mother

1 in 4 and puts pressure of NHS

percentage of local authorities with a shortage of places

60%

how does immigration affect housing

reduce housing stocks and we will need to build 135,000 houses per year to house new migrants