Potus Quiz Practice (Washington - Truman)

First 33 US presidents' #, name, & key events for APUSH potus quiz. Check out the APUSH(ER) by Roman Messali https://docs.google.com/document/d/1zkgygiFLf202EPwzGL9AH7xz_9csU3FHvrKc25Y_-Ss

1: Name

George Washington (No party)

1: Decade in Office

1780s (Washington)

1: Key Event(s)

• Farewell Address
  
  (Washington)

2: Name

John Adams (Federalist)

2: Decade in Office

1790s (J. Adams)

2: Key Event(s)

• First American Party System [FAPS],

• Alien Act,

• XYZ Affair
  
  (J. Adams)

3: Name

Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican)

3: Decade in Office

1800s (T. Jefferson)

3: Key Event(s)

• Louisiana Purchase,

• Embargo Act,

• 'Lewis and Clark Expedition
  
  (T. Jefferson)

4: Name

James Madison (Democratic-Republican)

4: Decade in Office

1800s (J. Madison)

4: Key Events

• War of 1812
  
  (J. Madison)

5: Name

James Monroe (Democratic-Republican)

5: Decade in Office

1810s (J. Monroe)

5: Key Events

• Missouri Compromise [1820],

• Monroe Doctrine [1823],
  Era of Good Feelings
  
  (J. Monroe)

6: Name

John Quincy Adams (Democratic-Republican)

6: Decade in Office

1820s (J. Quincy Adams)

6: Key Events

• Universal White Male Suffrage [UWMS: White men allowed to vote regardless of income],

• Tariffs of Abominations [US Industry 😀, North 😀, South 😭]
  
  (J. Quincy Adams)

7: Name

Andrew Jackson (Democrat)

7: Decade in Office

1830s (Andrew Jackson)

7: Key Events

White Supremacist
Indian Removal Act [IRA]
Pet Banks [BUS $ → Pet banks]

(Andrew Jackson, he hated natives!)

8: Name

Martin Van Buren (Democrat)

8: Decade in Office

1830s (M. Van Buren)

8: Key Events

• Panic of 1837
  
  (M. Van Buren)

9: Name

William Henry Harrison (Whig)

9: Decade in Office

1840s [1 month term] (W. H. Harrison)

9: Key Events

• Whig party setback

• Served for 1 month [He died 🪦 ]
  
  (W.H. Harrison)

10: Name

John Tyler (Democrat, Succeeded Harrison and elected as a Whig)

10: Decade in Office

1840s (J. Tyler)

10: Key Events

• Vetoed Henry Clay’s American System [CAS, basically vetoed some pro-industry bills]
  
  (J. Tyler)

11: Name

James Polk (Democrat)

11: Decade in Office

1840s (J. Polk)

11: Key Events

• Mexican-American War [“Polked” the bear, “American blood on American soil"]

• Mexican Cession [US gains S.W. and W. land]
  
  (J. Polk)

12: Name

Zachary Taylor (Whig)

12: Decade in Office

1850s (Z. Taylor)

12: Key Events

• Compromise of 1850 [Caused → Fugitive Slave Act {FSA} & Popular Sovereignty]
  
  (Z. Taylor)

13: Name

Millard Fillmore (Whig)

13: Decade in Office

1850s (M. Fillmore)

13: Key Events

• Fugitive Slave Act [FSA]

  
  (M. Fillmore)

14: Name

Franklin Pierce (Democrat)

14: Decade in Office

1850s (F. Pierce)

14: Key Events

• Kansas-Nebraska Act [More Pop Sovereignty, repealed MO Compromise] → Bleeding Kansas

• Bleeding Kansas
  
  (F. Pierce)

15: Name

James Buchanan (Democrat)

15: Decade in Office

1850s (J. Buchanan)

15: Key Events

• Dred Scott Decision [Slaves = Property, take anywhere]
  
  (J. Buchanan)

16: Name

Abe Lincoln (Republican)

16: Decade in Office

1860s (A. Lincoln)

16: Key Events

• Civil War

• Emancipation Proclamation [Only freed slaves in states opposing the Union]

• Gettysburg Address
  
  (A. Lincoln)

17: Name

Andrew Johnson (Democrat, but assumed presidency as a Unionist)

17: Decade in Office

1860s
(A. Johnson)

17: Key Events

• Succeeded Lincoln

• White supremacist

• Only VP under Lincoln because republicans needed more Southern support

• Claimed to oppose Black Codes, but Southern states passed them anyways in 1865

• Vetoed Civil Rights Act of 1866, but congress overrode this veto
  
  (A. Johnson)

18: Name

Ulysses S. Grant (Republican)

18: Decade in Office

1870s
(U.S. Grant)

18: Key Events

• Oversaw the 15th Amendment granting all races the right to vote

• Enforcement Acts → Temporarily helped to protect minority groups right to vote, including the Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871

• Panic of 1873 → Inflation Bill signed: inflated $ during this period

• Coinage Act of 1873 → Put US on gold and not silver standard → Farmers get mad. Stops Bimetallism
  

• Grantism = Term used to mock the “political incompetence & corruption” of Grant’s Presidency
  (U.S. Grant)

19: Name

Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican)

19: Decade in Office

1870s (R.B. Hayes)

19: Key Events

• Compromise of 1877 → Withdrew troops from South and promised Dems. a cabinet pick which:

• → Brought post-Civil War Reconstruction to an end

• Democratic control of South went up as black voters were censored by the KKK and Redeemers

• Sherman Silver Purchase Act - Puts silver back into circulation for a bit, reinstated Bimetallism for a while
  
  (R.B. Hayes)

20: Name

James Garfield (Republican)

20: Decade in Office

1880s [Assassinated 7 months into his presidency 🪦] (J. Garfield)

20: Key Events

• Fr**king assassinated 🪦 by Charles Guiteau (A stalwart), because he really wanted a job through the Spoils System which Garfield did not support.

  • Stalwarts: A sub-group of Republicans whom strongly supported the Spoils System

  • Half-Breeds: Opposed the Spoils System and supported civil reform

  • Mugwumps: Moderate between these other factions, many later switched to Dems under G. Cleveland
    

• Supported civil rights for African Americans and pushed for educational policies to benefit them
  
  (J. Garfield)
  
  Great video about his assassination:

21: Name

Chester A. Arthur (Republican)

21: Decade in Office

1880s [Finished Garfield’s term then stepped down] (C.A. Arthur)

21: Key Events

• Vetoed but then revised the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882

• Naval technological advancements: Steel warships

• Geneva Convention Ratified ***
  
  (C.A. Arthur)

22: Name

Grover Cleveland (Democrat)

22: Decade in Office

1880s [First Term, served 2 non-consecutive terms (Only pres. besides Trump to do so]
(G. Cleveland)

22: Key Events About His 1st Term

• Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 → Created the Interstate Commerce Commission which regulated railroad monopolies.
  
  (G. Cleveland)

23: Name

Benjamin Harrison (Republican)

23: Decade in Office

1890s (B. Harrison)

23: Key Events

• Sherman Antitrust Act - Targeted monopolies and attempted to support competition, initially failed due to vague terminology.

• McKinley Tariff Act of 1890 → $ instability, $ of foreign goods rose. Yes this was during Harrison not McKinley.

• Homestead Strike: Violent labor strike at Carnegie Steel, was shutdown by US militia

  
  (B. Harrison)

24: Name

Grover Cleveland (Democrat)

24: Decade in Office

1890s [Second Term] (G. Cleveland)

24: Key Events About His 2nd Term

• Panic of 1893 - Stock market crashes! 😥

• Repeals the Sherman Silver Purchase Act which originally supported silver miners → End of Bimetallism

• Gov. borrows tons of $ from J.P. Morgan basically ending the Panic of 1893
  
  (G. Cleveland)

25: Name

William McKinley (Republican)

25: Decade in Office

1890s (W. McKinley)

25: Key Events

• Spanish-American War (1898): Explosion of the USS Maine → War [≈ Polk: “American blood on American soil”]

• Annexation of Hawaii (1898) for geographic and economic $ interests.
  
  (W. McKinley)

26: Name

Theodore [Teddy] Roosevelt (Republican)

26: Decade in Office

1900s (Teddy Roosevelt)

26: Key Events

• Trust-Busting: Enforced anti-trust laws and broke up some monopolistic $ trusts, including Standard Oil.

• Conserved the environment establishing 5 national parks + other nature reserves

• Mediated the Russo-Japanese War

• The last progressive republican
  (Teddy Roosevelt)

27: Name

William H. Taft (Republican)

27: Decade in Office

1910s Only served 1 term (W.H. Taft)

27: Key Events

• More conservative than Teddy Roosevelt

• But continued some T. Roosevelt’s progressive goals:

  • Heavily pursued anti-trust laws, targeting all trusts even ones Teddy viewed acceptable

• Made some decisions that misaligned with progressive Republican values such as:

  • Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act → aimed to lower tariffs but maintained high import costs $.

  • Ballinger-Pinchot Controversy: Pinchot accused Richard Ballinger, Taft’s Secretary of the Interior, of corruptly using publicly held lands (National parks etc.

• Result → Republicans split into the Bull Moose Party (Progressive & dissolved away) and Republicans (Conservative)
  
  (W.H. Taft)

28: Name

Woodrow Wilson [Elected because the Reps. split into Bull Moose and Repubs.) (Democrat)

28: Decade in Office

1910s (W. Wilson)

28: Key Events

• First Progressive Democrat

• His “New Freedom” platform focused on:

  • Tariff Reform: Lower tariff costs $ and promote competition

  • Banking Reform: Established the Federal Reserve for economic stability

  • Anti-Trust Laws: Promote competition and protect consumers. Ex: Clayton Antitrust Act

  • Labor Reform: Federal Farm Loan Act [Cheaper farmer loans + Child Labor Act [Banned child labor]

    • Child Labor Act was controversial, some families needed kids to work for $.
      

• World War 1

  • Treaty of Versailles: Wilson wanted to join League of Nations, the senate opposed this and US did not join.

  
  (W. Wilson)

29: Name

Warren G. Harding [Elected due to post-war $$$ recession] (Republican)

29: Decade in Office

1920s [Only served 2 years]
(W.G. Harding)

29: Key Events

• Conservative Lasseiz Faire, elected because post-war $$$ collapsed under Dem. Woodrow Wilson. He promised a return to normalcy.

• Emergency Quota Act (May 1921): # of immigrants < 3% of that nationality’s US population. Anti-Immigration
  

• Teapot Dome Scandal: Harding’s Secretary of the Interior accepted $ bribes from oil companies to lease them government reserves to drill oil.
  

• Died of heart attack after 2 years
  
  (W.G. Harding)

30: Name

Calvin Coolidge (Republican)

30: Decade in Office

1920s [Succeeded Harding, then served 1 elected term] (C. Coolidge)

30: Key Events

• Kellogg-Briand Pact,

• Laissez-Faire Policies
  
  (C. Coolidge)

31: Name

Herbert Hoover (Republican)

31: Decade in Office

1930s (H. Hoover)

31: Key Events

• Great Depression

• Hoovervilles

• Smoot-Hawley Tariff
  
  (H. Hoover)

32: Name

Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democrat)

32: Decade in Office

1930s + 40s [Served 3 terms]
(F.D. Roosevelt)

32: Key Events

• Served 3 terms → Resulted in 2 term limit

• Harlem Renaissance: Cultural African-American BOOM

• New Deal

• World War II [Before atom bombs]

• Fireside Chats
  
  (F.D. Roosevelt)

33: Name

Harry S. Truman (Democrat)

33: Decade in Office

1940s (H.S. Truman)

33: Key Events

• Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki

• Marshall Plan

• Truman Doctrine
  
  (H.S. Truman)