flower reading quiz 1

Petal

Colorful part of a flower, attracts pollinators.

Corolla

Collective term for all petals in a flower.

Sepal

Leaf-like structures protecting flower bud.

Pistil

Female reproductive part of a flower.

Stigma

Part of pistil that receives pollen.

Style

Stalk connecting stigma to ovary.

Ovary

Encloses ovules, develops into fruit.

Stamen

Male reproductive part of a flower.

Anther

part of the stamen that produces pollen

Filament

Stalk supporting the anther.

Solitary Flower

Single flower per stem.

Inflorescence

Cluster of flowers on a single stem.

Determinate Inflorescence

Blooms from top down or middle outwards.

Indeterminate Inflorescence

Blooms from bottom up.

Sessile Flowers

Flowers attached directly to the peduncle.

Peduncle

Main stalk supporting an inflorescence.

Pedicel

Sub-stalks supporting individual flowers.

Scapose Flowers

Flowers without leaves on the stem.

Turgor Pressure

Pressure of water inside plant cells.

Transpiration

Loss of water vapor from plant leaves.

Respiration of Cut Flowers

Process generating heat, affects aging rate.

Tropisms

Growth responses to environmental stimuli.

Ethylene Gas

Hormone regulating ripening and aging in plants.

Senescence

Signs of aging in flowers due to ethylene.

Cytokinins

Phytohormones promoting cell division and delaying senescence.

Cold Chain

Temperature-controlled supply chain for flower preservation.

Ideal Storage Temperature

33-35°F for most cut flowers.

Floral Food

Nutrient solution for prolonging flower life.

Pretreatments

Cooling methods when water is unavailable.

Biggets buyers of cut flowers

USA and EU

biggest growers and exporters of flowers

natherlands, ecuador, kenya, and thiopia

most popular blooms

roses, carnations, and chrysanthemums

steps of harvest

1. grading and bunching

2. sleeving

3. conditioning

what degree should stems be cut?

45 degree angle

what does conditioning mean?

let them stand in a cool place 9no sdirect sunlight), in tepid water, and add some cut flower food

Turgor Pressure in Plants

The pressure exerted by water inside the cell against the cell wall.

photosynthesis requires

light, water, carbon dioxide

role of water in photosynthesis

provides electrons to replace those removed from chlorophyll during photosynthesis

respiration in plants

The process by which cells obtain energy from glucose

transpiration

low light: less transpiration

high light: high rate of transpiration

why do greenh0uses water in the morning

transpiration is at a higher rate so there will be less sitting water in soil (which would lead to pathogens)

stomate

small pore in a leaf to keep plant cool on warm days (however too hot or too dry can make it shut)

rose grades

Shorts, Mediums, Longs, Fancies

what are most flowers graded on?

•Stem strength and straightness

•Freedom from defects

•Flower size and petal count

•Uniformity

foliage

vase life

bunch for single stem flowers (roses or carnations)

25 to a bunch

how are regular flowers bunched?

according to stem count

rehydration in flowers

deonized water that is acidifies with citric acid

pulsing in flowers

put stems ina sugar solution (100 grams pe rliter) for 12-16 hours. biocide must be added to prevent microbial growth

bud opening solution

contains sugar and germicide to speed the opening of bud cut flowers before they are sold

precooling in flowers

RAPIDLY BRINGS THE TEMPERATURE OF THE FLOWERS DOWN FROM THE FIELD TEMPERATURE TO A PROPER STORAGE TEMPERATUR. slows respiration, which helps last longer