C1: Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)

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7 Terms

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Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)

Motion where the acceleration is proportional and opposite to displacement from an equilibrium position; defined by the equation: a = –ω²x.

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Angular Frequency (ω)

A measure of how quickly an object oscillates in SHM

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Time Period (T)

Time for one complete oscillation; T = 1/f = 2π/ω.

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Displacement (x)

The distance and direction of the particle from its equilibrium position.

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Amplitude (x₀)

The maximum displacement from equilibrium.

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Phase Angle (ϕ)

Describes the initial angle of the sinusoidal function that defines SHM: x = x₀ sin(ωt + ϕ).

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Total Energy in SHM (Eₜ)

Constant for an undamped system: Eₜ = (1/2)mω²x₀².