A&P - Brain

Regions of the Brain

cerebral hemispheres (cerebrum), diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum

Lobes of the brain

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

corpus callosum

the large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them

right hemisphere

controls the left side of the body

left hemisphere

controls the right side of the body

frontal lobe

associated with reasoning, planning, language, problem solving, voluntary muscle control

parietal lobe

receives sensory input for touch/pressure/pain/hot/cold, sensation, writing

occipital lobe

visual and auditory recollection, olfaction, semantics, and memory

temporal lobe

vision and memory

parts of diencephalon

thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus

Thalamus

the brain's sensory control center, directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex

Hypothalamus

below the thalamus; autonomic nervous system center- regulates metabolism, drinking, body temperature; and is linked to emotion

Epithalamus

Contains pineal body. Includes the choroid plexus that forms cerebrospinal fluid

Parts of the brain stem

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Midbrain

reflex centers for vision and hearing

Pons

relays information from one part of the brain to another

medulla oblongata

contains vital control centers for the heart and lungs (breathing, swallowing, heart rate control, blood pressure)

Cerebellum

Balance and coordination of skeletal muscle

cranial nerves

12 pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the brain

spinal nerves

31 pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord, communicate to the limbs, neck, and trunk