Muscles of Head, Neck, Torso

Masseter m.

Masseter m. origin

Zygomatic arch

Masseter m. insertion

Mandible (external surface of angle and ramus)

Temporalis m.

Temporalis m. origin

Temporal fossa (formed by parts of frontal, parietal, sphenoid (greater wing), and temporal bones)

Temporalis m. insertion

Mandible (coronoid process and ramus)

Buccinator m.

Buccinator m. origin

Pterygomandibular raphe

Maxilla (lateral aspect)

Mandible (lateral body)

Buccinator m. insertion

Blends with muscles at angle of mouth

Frontalis m.

Frontalis m. origin

Epicranial aponeurosis

Frontalis m. insertion

Skin of eyebrow and forehead

Blends with orbicularis oculi muscle

Orbicularis oculi m.

Orbicularis oculi m. origin

Frontal bone

Maxilla

Orbicularis oculi m. insertion

Fibers blend at lateral side of orbit

Orbicularis oris m.

Orbicularis oris m. origin

Skin around mouth

Mandible (midline)

Maxilla (midline)

Orbicularis oris m. insertion

Lips

Interdigitation with fibers from opposite side

Epicranial aponeurosis

• Dense fibrous tissue

• Connects the frontal and occipital bellies of the occipitofrontalis m.

• Attached to the periosteum of cranial bones

Occipitalis m.

Occipitalis m. origin

Occipital bone (superior nuchal line)

Occipitalis m. insertion

Epicranial aponeurosis

Zygomaticus major m.

Zygomaticus major m. origin

Zygomatic bone

Zygomaticus major m. insertion

Blends with muscles at angle of mouth

Zygomaticus minor m.

Zygomaticus minor m. origin

Zygomatic bone

Zygomaticus minor m. insertion

Blends with orbicularis oris m.

Occipitofrontalis m.

Occipitofrontalis m. origin

Occipitalis: occipital bone (superior nuchal line)

Frontalis: skin of eyebrow and forehead (blends with orbicularis oculi muscle)

Occipitofrontalis m. insertion

Epicranial aponeurosis

Platysma m.

Platysma m. origin

Fascia of upper thorax and lower neck

Platysma m. insertion

Mandible (lower border)

Skin and fascia of lower face

Blends with muscles of lower lip and angle of mouth

Sternocleidomastoid m.

Sternocleidomastoid m. origin

Clavicle (medial)

Sternum (manubrium)

Sternocleidomastoid m. insertion

Mastoid process of temporal bone

Lateral one-half of superior nuchal line of occipital bone

Splenius capitis m.

Splenius capitis m. origin

Nuchal ligament

Vertebra prominens (C7 spinous process)

Spinous processes of T1-3 vertebrae

Splenius capitis m. insertion

Temporal bone (mastoid process)

Occipital bone (superior nuchal line)

External abdominal oblique m.

External abdominal oblique m. origin

Ribs and costal cartilages 5-12

External abdominal oblique m. insertion

Linea alba

Ilium (crest)

Linea alba, a fibrous raphe (seam) formed by paired rectus sheaths

Rectus abdominis m.

Rectus abdominis m. origin

Pubis (crest and symphysis)

Rectus abdominis m. insertion

Sternum (xiphoid process)

Costal cartilages 5-7

Internal abdominal oblique m.

Internal abdominal oblique m. origin

Inguinal ligament

Ilium (crest)

Thoracolumbar fascia

Internal abdominal oblique m. insertion

Linea alba

Costal cartilages 7-10

Diaphragm

Diaphragm origin

Sternal part (not always present): xiphoid process

Costal part: ribs 5-10 and their costal cartilages

Lumbar part: arcuate ligaments and L1-3 vertebral bodies

Diaphragm insertion

Central tendon

External intercostal muscle and membrane

External intercostal m. origin

Inferior border of rib (ribs 1-11)

External intercostal m. origin

Superior border of rib below (ribs 2-12)

Internal intercostal m.

Internal intercostal m. origin

Superior border of rib (ribs 1-11)

Internal intercostal m. insertion

Inferior border of rib above (ribs 2-12)

Serratus anterior m.

Serratus anterior m. origin

Ribs 1-9

Serratus anterior m. insertion

Scapula (medial border)