Introduction to Earth Science

A collection of vocabulary flashcards based on key concepts from the lecture on Earth Science.

Earth system

The combined components of the Earth, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere.

Earth science

The study of the Earth and its components, which encompasses various disciplines related to natural earth processes.

Hydrosphere

The total amount of water on Earth, including oceans, rivers, lakes, and ice.

Biosphere

The global sum of all ecosystems; it includes all living organisms and their interactions with the environment.

Geosphere

The solid part of the Earth, consisting of rocks, landforms, and the Earth's interior.

Atmosphere

The layer of gases surrounding the Earth, critical for weather and climate.

Exosphere

The outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere, where the atmosphere transitions into outer space.

Direct measurement

Collection of data through hands-on observation and measurement in the field.

Indirect information

Data obtained from sources or methods that do not involve direct observation, often using tools such as drones.

Scientific method

A systematic process of inquiry involving observation, hypothesis formation, experimentation, and conclusion.

Hypothesis

A proposed explanation for a phenomenon; an educated guess that can be tested.

Prediction

A statement about what will happen in the future based on past experiences or theoretical principles.

Natural disasters

Severe and extreme weather-related events that cause significant damage to environments and human activities.

Renewable resources

Natural resources that can be replenished naturally over time, such as water and soil.

Non-renewable resources

Natural resources that exist in finite amounts and cannot be replenished, such as fossil fuels and minerals.

Natural hazards

Physical phenomena that can cause harm to humans and the environment, including earthquakes, tsunamis, and floods.

Empirical observations

Data and information collected through direct experience and experimentation.

Global warming

The long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, particularly the emission of greenhouse gases.