Nervous System (Neurons, Reflex Arcs, Division of the Nervous System, Sense of Hearing and Vision)

Dendrites (Neurons - Functional Zones)

Extensions where the neuron receives information

Axon (Neurons - Functional Zones)

Extensions that carry signals away from neurons

Action Potential (Neurons)

A reversal in charge across a neuron’s plasma membrane and is how neurons accept and pass on signals

Chemical Synapse (Synaptic Cleft) (Neurons)

A narrow cleft between the output zone of a neuron and the input zone of an adjacent cell

Neurotransmitters (Neurons)

Signaling molecules that diffuse across the synaptic clefts

Nerves (Neurons)

Long saxons of sensory or motor neurons

Reflexes (Reflex Arcs)

Automatic movements made in response to stimuli

Sensory Neurons (Reflex Arcs)

Connected to motor neurons in the spinal cord

Central Nervous System (Division of the Nervous System)

Spinal cord and brain

Brain (Division of the Nervous System)

Control center

Spinal Cord (Division of the Nervous System)

• Expressway for signals between the peripheral nervous system and the brain

• Sensory and motor neurons connect

Periperal Nervous System (Division of the Nervous System)

Nerves which thread through the rest of the body

Somatic Nerves (Peripheral Nervous System) (Division of the Nervous System)

Controls skeletal muscles (reflex arcs)

Autonomic Nerves (Peripheral Nervous System) (Division of the Nervous System)

Control smooth muscle, cardiac muscles and glands

Tympanic Membrane (Sense of Hearing)

Transmits movements (because of sound waves) to three ear bones

Malleus - Incus - Stapes (Sense of Hearing)

These ossicles transmit movement to the Oval Window

Cochlea (Sense of Hearing)

Contains fluid. When the oval window moves, it moves the fluid within the cochlea

Organ of Corti (Sense of Hearing)

Detects movement of fluid within the cochlea and transmits this information to the brain via the Auditory Nerve = sound

Cornea

Clear covering of the eye

Iris

Muscle that regulates the amount of light into the eye - colored part (Blue eyes = blue iris, brown eyes = brown iris)

Pupil

Entrance for light

Lens

Focuses images on to the retina

Retina

A thin layer in the back of the eye. Contains two types of photoreceptors - cones and rods

Cones

Color and detailed visions - clumped in a centra area called the Fovea Centralis

Rods

Scattered throughout the retina - vision in the low light conditions

Optic Nerve

Carries sensory input from the eyes