Chemistry- Unit 1

Groups

Columns on the periodic table

Periods

Rows on the periodic table

18

Number of Groups on the periodic table

7

Number of Periods on the periodic table

Matter

substance that has mass and volume

States of Matter

Solid, liquid, gas, and plasma

solids

Black elements on the periodic table

liquids

Blue elements on the periodic table

gases

Red elements on the periodic table

synthetic

white elements on the periodic table (artificial elements)

Plasma

a state of matter that includes things like fire, lightning, and stars

Condensation

the process of changing from a gaseous to a liquid state

boiling/vaporization

liquid to gas

freezing/fusion

liquid to solid

melting

solid to liquid

sublimation

solid to gas

deposition

gas to solid

density

measure of compactness of particles of matter

endothermic

occurring or formed with absorption of heat

exothermic

occurring or formed with the liberation of heat

solute

the dissolved matter in a solution; the component of a solution that changes its state

solvent

a liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances

diatomic elements

elements that are always found as two bonded

compounds

particles of multiple different elements bonded together

elements

particles that are identical in properties

heterogeneous

different components visible and separable

homogeneous

looks like one thing and can't be separated without science

Atom

the simplest structural unit of an element or compound

substance

anything with every particle being the same

mixture

a substance consisting of two or more substances mixed together

solution

anything with something else dissolved in it

Metals

Elements in groups 1-12(except H and 110 onward), elements 31, 49, 50, 81, 82, 83, Lanthanides, and Actinides

Semi metals

Elements 5, 13, 14, 32, 33, 51, 52, and 84 (Staircase)

Non Metals

Elements in groups 17 and 18, elements, 1, 6, 7, 8, 15, 16, 34

Alkali metals

Elements in group 1 (except H)

Alkali Earth Metals

Elements in group 2

Chalcogens

Elements in group 16

Halogens

Elements in group 17

Noble gases

Elements in group 18

Transition metals

Elements in group 3-12 (Except 110, 111 and 112)

Lanthanides

Elements in top row of bottom part of the periodic table

Actinides

Elements in bottom row of bottom part of the periodic table

Rare Earth metals

Elements 21, 39, 57, and lanthanides

diatomic elements

H, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I

Properties of metals

malleable, conductor of electricity/heat, ductility, luster, almost all metal

Properties of semimetals

semi-malleable, mostly bad at conducting electricity/heat (except Si), semi ductile, semi shiny, all elements are solids

nonmetals

brittle, insulator, low tensile strength, dull, mostly gases