Marijuana

Marijuana

The psychoactive drug produced from flowering hemp that contains cannabinoids. THC is the main psychoactive compound, with Cannabidiol being less psychoactive due to its lower affinity for CB1 and CB2 receptors. Can be consumed orally but is usually smoked and enters the body through inhalation.

Effects of Cannabinoid Use

Cannabinoid use varies depending on dose, frequency, and the characteristics of the user. Can sometimes produce psychotic symptoms and also affects cognitive functions such as memory impairment and deficits in verbal learning and attention. Is typically categorized into stages:

1. The “buzz”

2. The “high”

3. Being “stoned”

4. The “come-down”

Cannabis Use Disorder

Since cannabinoids are reinforcing and activate the mesolimbic DA pathway, 10% of individuals who use cannabis become dependent on it due to genetic and behavioral factors.

Cannabis Tolerance

Tolerance for Cannabis involves a combination of down-regulation of CB1 receptors.

Negative Effects of Cannabis

Smoking marijuana can damage lungs, and can have adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. Can also reduce immune function and have reproductive effects such as suppressing release of GnRH.

Positive Effects of Cannabis

Cannabis can relieve neuropathic pain and has anxiolytic and antidepressant effects. Can also be used as a form of treatment for neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, or neuropsychiatric disorders.