skin

acne vulgaris

chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased production of sebum.

Albinism

condition of skin deficient in pigment (melanin)

Alopecia

absence of hair from areas where it normally grows

Apocrine sweat gland

active starting from puberty and concentrated near reproductive organs and in organs. secrete odorless sweat, containing substances easily broken down by bacteria on the skin.

Atopy

hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition/ out of place

Basal Cell Carcinoma

malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis

Bullae

Large blisters

Callus

increased growth of cells in the keratin layer of the epidermis caused by pressure or friction

Cellulitis

diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling

Cerumen

ear wax

Cicatrix

a normal scar resulting from the healing of a wound

Collagen

a fibrous protein material found in bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaminds and skin. it is tough and resistant but also flexible. becomes harder as body ages.

Crust

a collection of dried serum and cellular debris; a scab

cryosurgery

use of subfreezing temperature achieved with liquid nitrogen application to destroy tissue

Cyst

thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material. epidermoid cyst, a collection of yellowish, cheesy sebum commonly found on the scalp, vulva, and scrotum.

decubitus ulcer

caused by pressure that results from lying in one position. usually involve loss of tissue substance and pus formation

dermatitis

inflammation of the skin

Dermatophytosis

fungal infection of the skin; tinea

erythema

condition of redness of the skin

Diaphoresis

profuse sweating

Dysplastic Nevi

abnormal pigmented lesions or moles on a patients skin that may be a sign of malignant skin cancer called melanoma

Eccrine sweat gland

major sweat gland in the skin

Eczema

inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, papulovesicular, or papulosquamous lesions

Erosion

wearing away or loss of epidermis

Fissure

groove or crack-like sore

Fungal Infection

tinea

Gangrene

death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply

Herpes Simplex

"cold sores"; clear vesicles with red base that evolve into pustules, usually at lip-skin junction

Impetigo

bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted-over lesions; Contagious, infectious pyoderma

Keloid

Enlarged scar on the skin.

Keratin

hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails

Layer of epidermis

melanocytes, basal layer, stratum corneum

leiomyosarcoma

malignant tumor of smooth muscle

Leukoplakia

White plaques on mucous membranes and surfaces of the body.

Lipoma

benign tumor of fatty tissue

Lunula

The half-moon-shaped, whitish area at the base of a nail

Macule

flat pigmented lesion on the skin measuring less than one centimeter in diamiter; freckles, tattoo marks, and flat moles are examples

Malingnant Melanoma

cancerous growth composed of melanocytes

Melanin

Skin pigment formed by melanocytes in the epidermis

Mohs

Thin layers of malignant tissue are removed, and each slice is examined microscopically to check for adequate extent of the resection.

myorrhaphy

suture of a muscle

Nodule

solid, round or oval elevanted lesion 1cm or more in diameter.

onychomycosis

fungal infection of the nail

onychophagia

nail biting

Papule

small (less than 1 cm in diameter), solid elevation of the skin

Papules

Firm raised areas on the skin

Paronychia

diseased/inflammation state around the nail

paronychium

soft tissue surrounding the nail border

petechiae

small, pinpoint hemorrhages

pilosebaceous

pertaining to hair follicles and sebaceous glands

Polyp

benign growth/growth extending from the surface of mucous membrane

Pore

tiny opening on the surface of the skin

pruritus *know spelling*

itching

Psoriasis

chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales

Purpura

multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin

Pustule

small abscess (collection of pus) on the skin; a papule containing pus

Rubella

Exanthemous viral disease; German measles.

scleroderma

chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue

scratch test

several scratches are made in the skin, and a very minute amount of test material is inserted into the scratches

skin prick test

a type of direct skin test using application of allergens followed by a pricking through each drop with a sterile needle or other sharp instrument, point should lightly lift the top layer of skin without causing bleeding

usually used to determine common allergens usually inhaled such as house dust, pollens, molds

sebaceous glands

oil-secreting gland in the dermis that is associated with hair follicles

sebum

oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs

squamous cell carcinoma

malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis

squamous epithelium

flat, scale-like cells composing the epidermis

steatoma

Sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor filled with sebum; ranges in size from a pea to an orange. It usually appears on the scalp, neck, and back; also called a wen.

Stratified

arranged in layers

subungual

pertaining to below the nail

Tinea

infection of the skin caused by a fungus

Epithelial cells in epidermis

squamous epithelial cells

ulcer

open sore or lesion in the skin or mucous membrane

Urticaria (hives)

acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin. (Pruritus and edema)

Verruca

epidermal growth (wart) caused by a virus

Vesicle

small collection of clear fluid (serum); blister. bulla is a large vesicle

vitiligo

loss of pigment (depigmentation) in areas of the skin (milk-white patches)

Wheal

smooth, edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is centrally redder or paler than the surrounding skin

Xer-

dry

caus/o

burn, burning

cauter/o

heat, burn

cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o

skin

diaphor/o

profuse sweating

hidr/o

sweat

ichthy/o

dry, scaly

kerat/o

hard

myc/o

fungus

onych/o

nail

phyt/o

plant

pil/o

hair

py/o

pus

rhytid/o

wrinkle

seb/o

sebum

squam/o

scale-like

trich/o

hair

ungu/o

nail

xanth/o

yellow

xer/o

dry

albin/o

white

anthrac/o

black (as coal)

chlor/o

green