Types of Energy Resources and Coalification

These flashcards cover key concepts, definitions, and types of energy resources discussed in the lecture.

Coalification

The process by which peat transforms into coal through heat and pressure.

Peat

Partially decayed organic matter found in swamps, not yet coal.

Lignite

A low-grade coal that contains low carbon content and moisture.

Bituminous Coal

A high-grade coal used in metallurgy and power generation, characterized by high heat content.

Anthracite

The highest grade of coal, containing 86% - 98% carbon, known for its high heat content.

Non-renewable resources

Natural resources that cannot be easily replaced or take a very long time to form.

Fossil Fuels

Energy sources formed from the anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms.

Crude Oil

Unrefined petroleum, a mixture of hydrocarbons, water, and sulfur, typically dark brown or black.

Natural Gas

A lighter hydrocarbon primarily composed of methane, used for power generation and heating.

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

A mixture of propane and butane extracted from crude oil refining or natural gas processing.

Solar Energy

Energy derived from the sun’s radiation, converted into electrical energy through solar panels.

Geothermal Energy

Energy produced by heat from cooling magma, heating groundwater near the Earth’s surface.

Hydroelectric Power

Electricity produced by using the force of falling or moving water.

Relative Dating

A method of sequencing geological events without providing specific ages.

Law of Superposition

In sedimentary rock layers, the oldest layers are at the bottom and the youngest are at the top.

Law of Lateral Continuity

Sedimentary rock layers extend laterally and were once connected but separated due to erosion.